Use of Steel Slag as an Alternative to Aggregate and Filler in Road Pavements

Dondi, Giulio; Mazzotta, Francesco; Lantieri, Claudio; Cuppi, Federico; Vignali, Valeria; Sangiovanni, Celestino

doi:10.3390/ma14020345

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Selected studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] of numerous recent research works reported to the scientific journal Materials were devoted to the use and incorporation of steel slags in road construction materials and concrete. The BOF slag incorporated in the asphalt mixture is advantageous for improving the ability of this mixed material to resist the deformation and enhancing the stability of structure, according to Ye et al [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skaf et al [13] produced a porous asphalt mixture with 100% EAF slag aggregates that met the current standards for sustainable and environmentally friendly mixtures. Dondi et al [15] stated that the asphalt mixture containing 30 % of steel slag is characterized by high stability and stiffness. Liu et al [14] suggested that pits and grooves on the surface of steel-slag particles provided a skeleton-like function for the bitumen-steel slag aggregate interface improving the adhesion strength of the bitumen-steel slag aggregate interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New EAF Slag Characterization Methodology for Strategic Metal Recovery

et al. 2021

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The grown demand of current and future development of new technologies for high added value and strategic metals, such as molybdenum, vanadium, and chromium, and facing to the depletion of basic primary resources of these metals, the metal extraction and recovery from industrial by-products and wastes is a promising choice. Slag from the steelmaking sector contains a significant amount of metals; therefore, it must be considered to be an abundant secondary resource for several strategic materials, especially chromium. In this work, the generated slag from electric arc furnace (EAF) provided by the French steel industry was characterized by using multitude analytical techniques in order to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of the targeted slag. The revealed main crystallized phases are larnite (Ca2SiO4), magnetite (Fe3O4), srebrodolskite (Ca2Fe2O5), wüstite (FeO), maghemite (Fe2.6O3), hematite (Fe2O3), chromite [(Fe,Mg)Cr2O4], and quartz (SiO2). The collected slag sample contains about 34.1% iron (48.5% Fe2O3) and 3.5% chromium, whilst the vanadium contents is around 1500 ppm. The Mössbauer spectroscopy suggested that the non-magnetic fraction represents 42 wt% of the slag, while the remainder (58 wt%) is composed of magnetic components. The thermal treatment of steel slag up to 900 °C indicated that this solid is almost stable and few contained phases change their structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EAF Slag Characterization Methodology for Strategic Metal Recovery

et al. 2021

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“…In the latter scenario, the ingredients become part of the slags, which can be then used in civil engineering or road construction. [ 63 ] The same applies to interconnect coatings and the oxide scales, which are both irrelevant for SOC‐recycling.…”

Section: Future Recycling Of Socsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Strategies for Solid Oxide Cells

Sarner

Schreiber

Menzler

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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more than 70% of the global energy demand in the power generation, transport, and industrial heating sectors is covered by fossil fuels. [1] However, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are essentially associated with two major drawbacks: the scarcity of fossil fuel resources and the evidenced change in climate patterns. [2] In order to mitigate further GHG emissions, the European Union (EU) has committed itself to become CO 2neutral by 2050. [3] To achieve the envisaged energy transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, efficient energy storage systems, are required. For longterm and high-volume storage, hydrogen as a chemical energy carrier seems to be the most reliable choice in this context. The upcoming expansion of hydrogen technologies is a key aspect of the implementation of climate protection policy, as demonstrated by several studies. [4] On an international scale, more than 30 countries have already launched their hydrogen strategies and roadmaps. [5] To produce hydrogen at scale electrolysis is seen as the most advanced technology. Currently, there are four major water electrolysis applications for generating green hydrogen, including proton exchange membranes (PEMs), alkaline water electrolysis (AWEs), alkaline anion exchange membranes (AEMs), and solid oxide cells (SOCs). [6] While PEMs, AWEs, and AEMs are known for their low operating temperatures (20-200 °C), SOCs are classified as high-temperature applications (500-1000 °C) that offer certain benefits. When the utilization of heat is taken into account, the energy efficiency of SOCs can reach more than 90%. [7] In addition, the operating mode can be either set to fuel cell (SOFC) or electrolysis cell (SOEC) in one unit. These are described as reversible SOCs (rSOCs). This special feature therefore makes SOCs easy to adapt to energy surpluses or deficiencies, depending on environment (e.g., whether the wind is blowing or the sun is shining; day/night) and on demand. The research on new SOC materials might also enable long-term operation at lower temperatures (≈ 500 °C), [8] as well as the co-electrolysis of H 2 O and CO 2 for syngas production, or even pure CO 2 -electrolysis on an industrial scale. [9] However, regardless of the type of electrolyzer being used, lifetime is limited. SOC aging processes such as voltage degradation, interdiffusion, foreign phase formation, oxidation or fracturing can result in reduced cell performance and in some instances lead to the complete failure of the system. [10,11] Until lately, SOC recycling-related topics have attracted little attention. As part of the EU-funded project HYTECHCYCLING (finished in 2019), initial proposals for recycling various hydrogen Alongside the generation of renewable power and its storage in batteries, hydrogen technologies are essential to enable a deep decarbonization of the energy system. These technologies include solid oxide cells (SOCs), which can be operated as electrolyzers to generate hydrogen or syngas and/or for power supply in fuel cell mode and demonstrate th...

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“…Asphalt binder can be modified with different materials such as polymers, jet grouting waste, steel slag, and recycled asphalt to achieve desired properties [1][2][3][4][5]. Asphalt binder is the residue of crude petroleum with properties depending on its source and refining process [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Induction Heating of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Materials for Self-Healing and Deicing

et al. 2021

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This study evaluates the influence of polymer-modification on the induction heating capability of asphalt mastic in a microwave field, and investigates how effectively this approach can be utilized for ice melting and self-healing purposes. To this end, different asphalt mastic mixtures with different polymer-modification and mixing procedures were tested under microwave field exposure for induction heating capability, ice-melting ability, and self-healing capacity. The mixtures were made through warm-mix and hot-mix procedures with four bituminous binders, including virgin (unmodified) asphalt and the same binder modified with three types of polymers. The results showed the effectiveness of microwave induction heating of asphalt mastic for both crack-healing and deicing purposes. The binder type was found to influence the ice melting and crack healing rates, such that using a warm-mix asphalt binder resulted in a more efficient heat generation and conduction than using a virgin asphalt binder. While polymer-modification undermined induction-heating, ice-melting, and self-healing performances, SBS-modified asphalt binders exhibited better performance than the other polymer-modified binders.

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Use of Steel Slag as an Alternative to Aggregate and Filler in Road Pavements

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

New EAF Slag Characterization Methodology for Strategic Metal Recovery

New EAF Slag Characterization Methodology for Strategic Metal Recovery

Recycling Strategies for Solid Oxide Cells

Microwave Induction Heating of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Materials for Self-Healing and Deicing

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