Use of Soil Properties to Determine the Historical Extent of Two Western Washington Prairies

Hegarty, Joshua; Zabowski, D.; Bakker, Jonathan D.

doi:10.3955/046.085.0204

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…AC is not widely used in restoration, and its effect on invasive exotic plants of Pacific Northwest prairies is not known. However, charcoal, a naturally occurring type of AC, is present in these ecosystems (Hegarty et al 2011) because of intentional burning by Native Americans (Boyd 1999, Weiser andLepofsky 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Native and Introduced Plant Species to Sucrose Addition in Puget Lowland Prairies

Kirkpatrick

Lubetkin

2011

Northwest Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Native and Introduced Plant Species to Sucrose Addition in Puget Lowland Prairies

Kirkpatrick

Lubetkin

2011

Northwest Science

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“…Dunwiddie et al (2011) in a recent overview on Garry oak ecosystems (Special Issue Northwest Science Volume 85, 2011) highlight that studies examining the historical ecology and stand dynamics of Garry oak ecosystems (e.g., Gedalof et al 2006;Pellatt et al 2007;Smith 2007;Sprenger and Dunwiddie 2011) ''are beginning to provide the indepth understanding of historical conditions that is a key first step in mapping out restoration goals and strategies''. Building on this idea, one of the key challenges for ecosystem scientists will be to integrate the longer fire and vegetation history records based on pollen and charcoal analysis (McCoy 2006) with the more recent fire and stand age/structure based on dendroecological studies, and emerging work based on soil and phytolith analyses (Hegarty et al 2011;. Studies examining historical changes of Garry oak ecosystems and how these changes are related to a number of complex factors such as human land-use, climate, forest fire and stand dynamics will greatly enhance our interpretation of ecosystem structure and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental change in Garry oak (Quercus garryana) ecosystems: the evolution of an eco-cultural landscape

Pellatt

Gedalof

2014

Biodivers Conserv

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Globally, colonialism resulted in the suppression of aboriginal land management practices, abetted by the concept of terra nullius, ''belonging to no one''; the belief that aboriginal people had little influence on or ownership of the land. Until recently, this ideology was entrenched in resource management and policy. Traditional ecological knowledge, historical ecology, archaeology, and palaeoecological research have shown these assumptions to be wrong. In this paper we take a multidisciplinary approach (biogeography, paleoecology, dendrochronology, and bioclimatic envelope modeling) to better understand the role of climate and fire in the formation of eco-cultural landscapes. We synthesize results from pollen and charcoal analysis in Garry oak ecosystems that indicate there were continuous and frequent prescribed burning events, with more severe fires occurring every 26-41 years in southwest British Columbia throughout the Anthropocene (*last 250 years) that substantially altered forest structure and composition. These results are consistent with stand age reconstructions in BC and Washington with Garry oak establishment beginning *1850 AD, corresponding with modern fire exclusion, aboriginal population decline, and end of the Little Ice Age. Douglas-fir recruitment has been continuous since *1900, with succession of oak woodland to closed conifer forest at most sites. These findings indicate that the structure of many Garry oak ecosystems have been profoundly influenced by eco-cultural practices. Overwhelming evidence indicates that in many cases these ecosystems are dependent on prescribed fire for their open structure. In

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“…Large areas in southern Puget Sound were dominated by prairies historically , and it is assumed that these grasslands were also maintained by fire. To our knowledge, no formal fire histories have been conducted in these areas, though soil charcoal evidence suggests that the prairie-forest ecotone was historically stable (Hegarty et al 2011). Further research to determine the prevalence of frequent, low-severity fires in the Puget Lowlands would be beneficial, as would research into stand structural development patterns.…”

Section: Forest Development Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of a historical frequent, low-severity fire regime in western Washington, USA

Bakker

Jones

Sprenger³

2019

Can. J. For. Res.

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Fire is a common disturbance in many forests. We conducted a fire history study on 40 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees from two sites, Kellett Bluff and Turn Point, in the San Juan Islands of Washington state, USA. In total, 146 fire scars were identified and dated, representing 34-35 fires per site. Fires occurred between 1565 and 1964. Individual trees recorded up to 10 fires. The composite mean fire interval (MFI) was 11-13 years over the entire study period and 6 years in the historical period (1780-1895). These sites were structured by frequent, low-severity fires, yet supported a tree component for centuriesthe oldest tree in this study was more than 500 years old. A program of frequent, low-severity fires may be critical for their long-term persistence. Comparisons of fire history data among these and five other local sites indicate frequent fires but little synchronicity; the MFI was 4 years, but most fires were only recorded at single sites. Although forests west of the Cascade Mountains are often described as subject to infrequent, high-severity fires, these results highlight the need for a more refined understanding of historical fire regimes in this region.

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Use of Soil Properties to Determine the Historical Extent of Two Western Washington Prairies

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Responses of Native and Introduced Plant Species to Sucrose Addition in Puget Lowland Prairies

Responses of Native and Introduced Plant Species to Sucrose Addition in Puget Lowland Prairies

Environmental change in Garry oak (Quercus garryana) ecosystems: the evolution of an eco-cultural landscape

Evidence of a historical frequent, low-severity fire regime in western Washington, USA

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