Use of Site-Species Matching and Genetic Gain to Maximise Yield - A South African Example

Swain, Tammy; Gardner, Robin

doi:10.1142/9789812704504_0014

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In August 2003, scions from four different E. smithii genotypes (Institute for Commercial Forestry Research (ICFR) breeding selections from base population introductions from New South Wales, Australia) ( Table 2) were grafted onto six-month-old E. smithii seedlings grown from South African improved commercial seed (Swain and Gardner 2002). The scions were collected from reproductively mature (nine years or older) grafted ramets in the ICFR and Sappi (South African Pulp and Paper Industries Limited) clonal seed orchards (CSOs) at Mountain Home and Tweedie in the KwaZulu-Natal midlands, respectively.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating optimal site conditions for flower bud production inEucalyptus smithiiorchards in South Africa

Gardner

Bertling

Savage

et al. 2016

Australian Forestry

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Eucalyptus smithii is an important commercial forestry species in South Africa. The species' shy and erratic flowering tendencies hinder its genetic improvement and seed production. Breeders and seed producers are highly dependent on paclobutrazol (PBZ) applications for encouraging flower and seed production in E. smithii orchards. During the summer of 2003/04, an E. smithii flowering field trial series was established across a range of high elevation (1568-1828 m asl), cool temperate (13.8-15.5°C mean annual temperature (MAT)) commercial forestry sites in South Africa. The main objective was to investigate the interaction between PBZ and a range of climatic and landscape factors on E. smithii floral bud (umbel) production. The main aim was to define optimum environmental conditions for E. smithii umbel production and potential orchard establishment. In the fifth and sixth years after planting, 64% and 83% of the control (nil PBZ) grafted trees and 94% and 94% of PBZ-treated trees produced umbels. In the fifth year, PBZ application increased mean (across-site) umbel production per tree by 132%. Regardless of whether PBZ was applied or not, mean umbel production varied markedly across sites. In the absence of PBZ application, E. smithii test orchards located on south-west facing slopes in high elevation (>1550 m asl) areas at the lower end of the applied MAT range were generally the most productive on the basis of umbel crop. The study demonstrated that, through careful site selection, dependency on PBZ to achieve satisfactory umbel production in reproductively mature E. smithii trees may be substantially reduced. Within the elevation and MAT ranges applied in the trial series, E. smithii orchards situated in low positions in the landscape were at high risk of being severely damaged by frosts. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seedlings of E. smithii rarely flower before the age of eight years, and even then the floral bud crops produced are sparse and erratic (Jones 2002). The latter traits of E. smithii hinder the species genetic improvement and commercial seed production and plantation establishment programs (Swain and Gardner 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating optimal site conditions for flower bud production inEucalyptus smithiiorchards in South Africa

Gardner

Bertling

Savage

et al. 2016

Australian Forestry

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“…Growth differences have been found in many cold tolerant Eucalypt species tested under South African growing conditions [28][29], signifying the importance of site-species matching, as well as site-provenance matching [30][31]. Differences between genetic materials of Eucalypts as to biomass yield and distribution have been attributed to varying adaptability to local conditions as reported by several authors in [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Performance of Eucalypt Clones in Tanzania

Pima¹,

S.A.O.²,

Iddi³

et al. 2016

eer

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A research study was conducted to assess the growth performance of Eucalypt clones in Tanzania. Eucalypt clones of Eucalyptus grandis x E. camaldulensis (GC), E. grandis x E. urophylla (GU), E. grandis x E. tereticornis (GT) were established in Lushoto, Kwamarukanga, Kibaha and Tabora sites. Survival, Diameter at breast height, height and biomass were collected while volume and basal area were evaluated. All assessed variable were subjected to ANOVA. Significant (p<0.05) clonal difference in survival, Dbh, height, basal area, volume and biomass between clones was observed. Survival was >90% in Lushoto and Kwamarukanga sites where as the other sites showed intermediate and low survival. Clones at Lushoto site had highest Dbh, height, basal area, volume, Mean annual increment and biomass followed by clones at Kwamarukanga, Kibaha and Tabora sites. It was concluded that at 8 year old Eucalypt clones showed good survival and growth needed for various uses. This study recommended that GC581, GC584 and GU608 are better for Lushoto, GC15, GC167 and GC940 for Kibaha, GC514, GT529 and GC940 for Kwamarukanga and GC15, GC584 and GC940 for Tabora. The outstanding clones are recommended for planting in areas with climatic conditions similar to the sites where they were tested.

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“…The mechanism of the responses observed after implementation of various silvicultural treatments that improve resource availability can be summarised as follows: genetic tree improvement, hybridisation and site-genotype matching can lead to improvements in water use efficiency by trees (Dye, 2000), improved pest and disease resistance (Wingfield et al, 2008), reduced risk to adverse environmental conditions (Swain and Gardner, 2003) as well increases in the fraction of carbon allocated to stem wood (Dye, 2000). The mechanism of the response obtained to residue management, fertilization and vegetation management treatments appear to rely heavily on early improvements in the availability of nutrients and soil water which gives rise to rapid canopy development and early increases in light interception (du Toit, 2008), especially on sites with limited water availability which are common in South Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive, site-specific silviculture: Manipulating resource availability at establishment for improved stand productivity. A review of South African research

Toit

Smith

Little

et al. 2010

Forest Ecology and Management

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Use of Site-Species Matching and Genetic Gain to Maximise Yield - A South African Example

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Investigating optimal site conditions for flower bud production inEucalyptus smithiiorchards in South Africa

Investigating optimal site conditions for flower bud production inEucalyptus smithiiorchards in South Africa

Growth Performance of Eucalypt Clones in Tanzania

Intensive, site-specific silviculture: Manipulating resource availability at establishment for improved stand productivity. A review of South African research

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