Use of signal analysis of heart sounds and murmurs to assess severity of mitral valve regurgitation attributable to myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs

Abstract

Most of the investigated sound variables were significantly associated with severity of MR, which indicated a powerful diagnostic potential for monitoring MMVD. Signal analysis techniques could be valuable for clinicians when performing risk assessment or determining whether special care and more extensive examinations are required.

Use of discriminant analysis based on echocardiography for classification of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease

“…In addition, one study showed a good correlation between MRA/LA and severe MR, despite the limitations of this method (Muzzi et al, 2003). Another study demonstrated that MRA and the intensity of the heart murmur were significant predictors of an increase in LA diameter (Olsen et al, 2003).…”

“…For example, O'Connor et al (1999) with the aim to identify risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions demonstrated that with the use of multivariate prediction/analysis the calculation of the risk of in-hospital mortality after a percutaneous coronary intervention was feasible and accurate, and may be useful for patient counseling and for improvement of quality purposes. In another study, Matheny et al (2005) evaluated the discrimination and calibration of mortality risk prediction models (logistic regression) in interventional cardiology and obtained positive results with the use of this method.…”

“…The mitral regurgitation area (MRA), vena contracta (VC) diameter and regurgitant fraction of proximal isovelocity surface area (RF PISA) were obtained from color flow mapping (Doppler) from the left apical four-chamber view, as described by previous studies (Kittleson and Brown, 2003;Muzzi et al, 2003;Gouni et al, 2007). For obtaining RF PISA, the color flow Doppler jet of mitral valve regurgitation was first identified with optimal gain setting.…”

“…This regurgitation can be detected during physical examination by auscultation of a left apical systolic murmur (Ljungvall et al, 2009;Lewis et al, 2011).…”

“…Although this approach may be influenced by factors such as observer experience (Atkins et al, 2009), it is based on techniques that are widely available (Muzzi et al, 2003). In a recent consensus statement, the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine proposed that the traditional classification of heart failure (I, II, III, IV) based on the New York Heart Association classification could be complemented by a new one staging the progression of MVD in A, B, C and D. Then, group A was represented by those dogs that have hereditary predisposition but no signs of MVD and group B were those with MVD but no signs of CHF.…”