Use of recycled plastic as fine aggregate in cementitious composites: A review

Almeshal, Ibrahim; Tayeh, Bassam A.; Alyousef, Rayed; Alabduljabbar, Hisham; Mohamed, Abdeliazim Mustafa; Al-Askar, Abdulaziz A.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119146

Cited by 204 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The problem of solid waste is one of the great modern challenges, since in order to comply with the environmental legislations, industries end up discarding their waste in landfills, which despite being legally acceptable, it is far from being a good solution. The landfills can generate at large high economic and environmental costs (such as scarcity of disposal area and raw materials, and potential leaching of hazardous liquids in waters) 6‐9 . Thus, many industries have been concerned with the issues of solid waste generated by them, investing in research and methodologies that enable the reinsertion of these materials in another production chain 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The landfills can generate at large high economic and environmental costs (such as scarcity of disposal area and raw materials, and potential leaching of hazardous liquids in waters). [6][7][8][9] Thus, many industries have been concerned with the issues of solid waste generated by them, investing in research and methodologies that enable the reinsertion of these materials in another production chain. 10 One important economic segment that is closely linked to the reuse of industrial solid waste is the industries that produce civil construction materials, such as the production of red ceramics and cementitious ceramics, which are applied in different stages of a building.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Circular economy in cementitious ceramics: Replacement of hydrated lime with a stoichiometric balanced combination of clay and marble waste

Marvila¹,

Azevedo

Alexandre³

et al. 2020

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Cementitious ceramics, produced from the hydration of cement and hydrated lime, are responsible for a great deal of damage to the environment due to the high emission of CO 2 that occurs in the production of cement and lime. Therefore, the objective of this work was to substitute the hydrated lime with a combination of clay residue and marble waste extracted from ceramic and ornamental rock producing industries, respectively, which constitutes a circular economy for the ceramic industry related to masonry applications. Ceramics were produced in the proportion 1:1:6:1.5 (cement:lime:sand:water), through the molding procedure, and were studied by replacing hydrated lime with 100% clay residue and 100% marble residue, in addition to stoichiometric calculated parts of marble to clay. The molar ratios used were 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (marble:clay). Tests of consistency, incorporated air content, water retention, compression strength, density, water absorption by capillarity, adhesion, and electrical resistivity were performed. The results obtained demonstrate that the use of residue of marble and clay together, as long as they are correctly balanced, provides a high gain in technological properties, enabling the circular economy of cementitious ceramics, mainly for the composition 1 marble:1clay, which presented the best properties, both in the fresh and hardened state. The economic analysis carried out proved the financial gains for the industrial sectors involved (civil construction, ornamental rock, and ceramic).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Circular economy in cementitious ceramics: Replacement of hydrated lime with a stoichiometric balanced combination of clay and marble waste

Marvila¹,

Azevedo

Alexandre³

et al. 2020

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…However, in this study, adding PVC aggregates with 50% and 75% of fine aggregate reduced the workability of mortars by about 16% and 31%, respectively. The majority of past research has reported increasing the fine plastic aggregates impact the workability by decreasing the concrete slump [6,12,16,[50][51][52][53][54]. Therefore, keeping the water-to-cement ratio constant in all mixes with the high dosage of PVC fine aggregates, an enhancement of fresh concrete workability is required to increase the amount of PVC dosage used.…”

Section: Workability Of Fresh Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Containing Fine Waste Aggregates of Polyvinyl Chloride

et al. 2021

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In several areas worldwide, the high cost and shortage of natural resources have encouraged researchers and engineers to explore the serviceability and feasibility of using recycled aggregates in concrete mixtures, substituting a normal aggregate percentage. This technique has advantages for the environment by reducing the accumulation of waste materials, while it impacts the fresh and hardened concrete performances, reducing workability, flexural strength, compressive strength, and tensile strength. However, most studies have investigated the influence of replacing normal aggregates with waste aggregates on the concrete mechanical properties without examining the impact of using waste materials on concrete structural performance. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of replacing 75% of sand volume with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fine waste aggregates on the performance of reinforced concrete slabs. Different thicknesses of the concrete layer (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100% of slab thickness) containing PVC fine waste aggregates are investigated. Based on the reductions in the toughness and flexural strength capacity due to incorporating 75% PVC fine aggregate dosage, two approaches are used to strengthen the slabs with 75% PVC fine aggregates. The first approach is adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the PVC fine aggregate concrete mix to improve the mechanical properties of the concrete. The PVA increases the water viscosity in the concrete, which reduces the dry out phenomenon. With that said, the PVA modified fresh concrete does enable the use of the limits of the PVC fine aggregate dosage for high dosage plastic aggregate concrete. The second approach uses two fiber wire mesh layers as an additional reinforcement in the tested slab. Results show that the PVC-30 slab exhibits an 8% decrease in total area toughness compared to the control (Con) slab, while for PVC-60 slab toughness, the total area shows 26% less. Additionally, the inclusion of PVA in the concrete with 75% PVC plastic waste fine aggregate replacement greatly influences the pre-and post-cracking ductile performance among other slabs, representing that using PVA with higher contents might increase the flexural performance. Therefore, due to the substantial effect of PVA material on the concrete flexural performance, it is proposed to utilize PVA with an optimum PCV fine aggregate dosage in the concrete mix.

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“…Moreover, if the boundaries of the analysis are extended and the environmental impact of building materials production itself is considered, we can note that C&D waste covers only a part of the whole 'construction world' waste. Because they are increasing their waste production from year to year [5], the factories which produce building materials are becoming an environmental issue, alongside other factories' by-products-e.g., plastic, glass-which are produced daily but slowly recycled [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortars with Recycled Aggregates from Building-Related Processes: A ‘Four-Step’ Methodological Proposal for a Review

Vitale

Nicolella

2021

Sustainability

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Because the production of aggregates for mortar and concrete is no longer sustainable, many attempts have been made to replace natural aggregates (NA) with recycled aggregates (RA) sourced from factories, recycling centers, and human activities such as construction and demolition works (C&D). This article reviews papers concerning mortars with fine RA from C&D debris, and from the by-products of the manufacturing and recycling processes of building materials. A four-step methodology based on searching, screening, clustering, and summarizing was proposed. The clustering variables were the type of aggregate, mix design parameters, tested properties, patents, and availability on the market. The number and the type of the clustering variables of each paper were analysed and compared. The results showed that the mortars were mainly characterized through their physical and mechanical properties, whereas few durability and thermal analyses were carried out. Moreover, few fine RA were sourced from the production waste of construction materials. Finally, there were no patents or products available on the market. The outcomes presented in this paper underlined the research trends that are useful to improve the knowledge on the suitability of fine RA from building-related processes in mortars.

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Use of recycled plastic as fine aggregate in cementitious composites: A review

Cited by 204 publications

References 69 publications

Circular economy in cementitious ceramics: Replacement of hydrated lime with a stoichiometric balanced combination of clay and marble waste

Circular economy in cementitious ceramics: Replacement of hydrated lime with a stoichiometric balanced combination of clay and marble waste

Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Containing Fine Waste Aggregates of Polyvinyl Chloride

Mortars with Recycled Aggregates from Building-Related Processes: A ‘Four-Step’ Methodological Proposal for a Review

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