Use of re-esterified palm oils, differing in their acylglycerol structure, in weaning-piglet diets

Abstract

Re-esterified oils are new fat sources obtained from chemical esterification of acid oils with glycerol (both economically interesting by-products from oil refining and biodiesel industries, respectively). The different fatty acid (FA) positional distribution and acylglycerol composition of re-esterified oils may enhance the apparent absorption of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and, thus, their overall nutritive value. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential use of re-esterified palm oils, in comparison with their corresponding acid and native oils, and also with an unsaturated fat source in weaning-piglet diets. The parameters assessed were: FA apparent absorption, acylglycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) composition of feces, and growth performance. One-hundred and twenty weaning piglets (average weight of 8.50 ± 1.778 kg) were blocked by initial BW (six blocks) and randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, resulting in four piglets per pen and six replicates per treatment. Dietary treatments were a basal diet supplemented with 10% (as-fed basis) of native soybean oil (SN), native palm oil (PN), acid palm oil (PA), re-esterified palm oil low in mono-(MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) (PEL), or re-esterified palm oil high in MAG and DAG (PEH). Results from the digestibility balance showed that SN reached the greatest total FA apparent absorption, and statistically different from PN, PA and PEL ( P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences among palm-oil sources ( P > 0.05), but PEH achieved the greatest total FA apparent absorption. Animals fed PEL, despite the fact that PEL oil contained more sn-2 SFA, did not show an improved absorption of SFA ( P > 0.05). Animals fed PA and PN showed similar apparent absorption coefficients ( P > 0.05), despite the high FFA content of PA oil. The acylglycerol and FFA composition of feces was mainly composed of FFA. There were no significant differences in growth performance ( P > 0.05). Results of the present study suggest that, despite the different acylglycerol structure of re-esterified oils, there were no significant differences in digestibility or performance with respect to their corresponding PN and PA oils in weaning-piglet diets.

Use of re-esterified palm oils, differing in their acylglycerol structure, in fattening pig diets

“…This means that TAG and DAG were almost completely hydrolyzed along the gastrointestinal tract, and MAG were absorbed due to their hydrophilic character (2-MAG and some 1(3)-MAG) or completely hydrolyzed to glycerol and FFA (mainly 1(3)-MAG). FFA constituted the major lipid fraction in feces for all treatments, suggesting that the formation of mixed micelles may be the rate-limiting step of fat absorption in fattening pigs, as has also been observed in weaning piglets (Jones et al, 1992;Vilarrasa et al, 2015), but less severely.…”

“…However, the effect of FFA on UFA absorption is lower in comparison with that of SFA (Powles et al, 1993). Thus, acid palm oils may be an economically interesting alternative to native palm oils, provided they have a moderate amount of FFA and a low percentage of moisture, impurities and unsaponifiable matter, as we have also observed in weaning piglets (Vilarrasa et al, 2015).…”

“…We only performed one digestibility balance at the beginning of the study. In a previous study, using the same experimental fats with weaning piglets (Vilarrasa et al, 2015) only small differences were observed, and it was considered that this and the measurement in the current study would be representative of the digestibility of the fats under study. As expected, unsaturated FA were better absorbed than SFA, and stearic acid was less well absorbed than was palmitic acid.…”

“…These alternative fat sources show an increased proportion of SFA located at the acylglycerol sn-2 position, and a higher amount of mono-(MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG) molecules than their corresponding native oil (Vilarrasa et al, 2015). Therefore, it was hypothesized that the different acylglycerol structure of re-esterified palm oils may enhance SFA apparent absorption and, thus, their overall nutritive value, which might lead to an increased deposition of SFA.…”

Influence of the inclusion of co-products of the soy oil industry in poultry diets on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and production

“…Moreover, Vilarrasa et al (2015b) reported that the substitution of 60 g/kg re-esterified palm oil by re-esterified SO or a 25:75 combination of both, improved F:G without affecting ADG or ADFI of broilers from 0 to 41 d of age. In a second paper, Vilarrasa et al (2015c) reported similar results in weanling pigs fed diets with 100 g/kg of native or re-esterified palm oil. The authors had not found any report comparing these two re-esterified lipid sources in broilers.…”