Use of Protein-Based Foams to Protect Plants Against Frost

Siminovitch, D.; Ball, W. L.; Desjardins, R. L.; Gamble, Demi

doi:10.4141/cjps67-002

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…English units (5). Foams developed as frost protectants and soil fumigation covers are usually more stable than those proposed for carriers in pesticide spray systems (5,8). Highstability foams typically have ER's ranging from 100 to 400.…”

Section: Foam Is Defined As Liquid Interfaces Surrounding Small Pockementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Foam Adjuvants on Activity of Selected Herbicides

1974

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Three blended foam adjuvants increased 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] uptake from aqueous solutions by detached live oak (Quercus virginianaMill.) leaves as compared to uptake from water alone. There were no differences in honey mesquite [Prosopis juliflora(Swartz.) D.C. var.glandulosa(Torr.) Cockerell] control with 2,4,5-T or 1:1 combinations of 2,4,5-T with picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) or with dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) at 0.56 kg/ha whether applied in water + 0.5% (v/v) foam adjuvant or in a diesel oil: water (1:4, v/v) emulsion. Residual life of picloram in native forages was not extended by foam carrier as compared to water, water and surfactant, and diesel oil:water emulsion as carrier. Foam generation from adjuvants with expansion ratios (ER) of two to four was less susceptible to alteration from addition of commercially-formulated herbicides than was an adjuvant with an ER of seven. Foam adjuvant ER's increased in a curvilinear fashion as water temperature was increased from 5 to 50 C.

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Section: Foam Is Defined As Liquid Interfaces Surrounding Small Pockementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Foam Adjuvants on Activity of Selected Herbicides

1974

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“…Byrd and Seymour 6 described Vistik as a hydroxyethyl cellulose product which appears to form a visco-elastic solution in water. Suggitt 7…”

Section: Materials Added To a 2% Solution Of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T h e i g s a n d W r i g h t (8), S i m o n o v i t c h et al (7), a n d B r a u d et al (2) a p p l i e d foam o n plants to prevent freez ing. T h e y found that foam sprayed over plants w o u l d prevent p l a n t death by freezing, but cited the need for more stable foam mixes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Herbicides in Foam

McWhorter

Barrentine

1970

Weed sci.

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We constructed a foam applicator capable of creating 300 to 400 gal of foam from 1 gal of water. The equipment was successful for applying herbicides in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., var. Stoneville 213) and soybeans (Glycine max Merr., var. Lee) after emergence. Weed control was equal with applications in foam as compared to conventional applications in water sprays. Foam production was highly dependent on the type and concentration of surfactant used. Various additives increased foam persistence in laboratory studies. However, for maximum effectiveness under field conditions, additives are needed that are more effective in increasing foam persistence than the ones evaluated.

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“…The suggestion that protein-derived fire-fighting foam might be used for the protection of plants against frost was first published in 1967 (6). The experiments that prompted this suggestion were preliminary and included only freezing tests with a few potted tomato and coleus plants totally submerged in the foam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This foam incorporated a special formulation manufactured by Laurentian Concentrates Ltd., Ottawa, Ontario. The remarkable insulation displayed by the foam, the apparent absence of toxicity, and the spontaneous dispersal without appreciable residue led us to suggest that frost protection of plants with foam was worth further investigation (6). For practical utilization, however, the chief problem was the low stability of the foam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foam for frost protection of crops

Siminovitch¹,

Canada²

1973

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Nontoxic protein-based fire-fighting foam has been developed for protection of row-crop plantings of tomatoes and strawberries against overnight frosts. It can be applied by both stationary and mobile equipment. Blankets or canopies of foam, varying in thickness from 1 to 3 inches (2.5 to 7.5 cm), applied in the late afternoon persisted throughout the frost periods of the night and during the early morning of the following day. The foam blankets provided protective insulation against radiative and advective cooling of tomatoes when temperatures below freezing continued for 12 hours and fell as low as 25°F (-4°C) for 6 hours. The foam is very light in weight, completely nontoxic to plants, and spontaneously dispersible 24 to 48 hours after application. Seedling and mature tomatoes and flowering strawberries emerged, survived, and fruited after a succession of four to eight applications of foam. After dispersal, the slight residue of foam left on foliage or scattered on fruit caused little discoloration or contamination, and was soon dissipated by water or sometimes by rain. The foam has been judged by the Food and Drug Directorate of the Department of National Health and Welfare to be free of potentially toxic ingredients. Applications of foam permit earlier spring planting of tomatoes and reduce the risk of frost damage to the maturing crop in the fall. Extension of the use of foam to other crops, such as tobacco, melons, peppers, cranberries, and possibly grapes is also foreseen. The foam concentrate is now available and a variety of mobile units for experimental application can be obtained. As commercial production of the units is also under development, foam application will become available to farmers and growers generally.

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Use of Protein-Based Foams to Protect Plants Against Frost

Abstract: The application of 6re-6ghting protein-based foams for use as protectire insulation of plants against frost damage is described.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Foam Adjuvants on Activity of Selected Herbicides

Influence of Foam Adjuvants on Activity of Selected Herbicides

Application of Herbicides in Foam

Foam for frost protection of crops

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