Application of Herbicides in Foam

Abstract

We constructed a foam applicator capable of creating 300 to 400 gal of foam from 1 gal of water. The equipment was successful for applying herbicides in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., var. Stoneville 213) and soybeans (Glycine max Merr., var. Lee) after emergence. Weed control was equal with applications in foam as compared to conventional applications in water sprays. Foam production was highly dependent on the type and concentration of surfactant used. Various additives increased foam persistence in laboratory studies. However, for maximum effectiveness under field conditions, additives are needed that are more effective in increasing foam persistence than the ones evaluated.

Foam Sprays of Plant Growth Regulating Chemicals on Rose Shoot Development at Cutback1

“…Although plant growth regulating chemicals 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and cytokinins in lanolin stimulate the development of new basal shoots from axillary buds of greenhouse rose plants, -spray applications fail to provide sufficient endogenous levels for the response (1,4,6). Zieslin et al (8) found the best branching response of 'Baccara' rose resulted from ethephon sprays when a thin score had been made above the basal axillary buds.…”

“…Low-expansion foams have been used as a carrier to reduce the spray drift of herbicides and plant growth retardants (5,6). Foam sprays enhance growth regulator uptake by providing close con tact for absorption between the chemical and plant during a longer period.…”

Foam Application of Growth Retardants to Turfgrasses1

“…Greenhouse weed control research with foam-applied herbicides demonstrated that 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-methoxy-l-methylurea (linuron) and 3-(3,4dichlorophenyl)-I,I-dimethylurea (diuron) controlled morning glory (Ipomoea heleracea L.) and redroot pigweek (Anmaranthus retroflexus L.) more effectively if foam persistence were increased by covering treated plants with bell jars after treatment (9).…”