Use of prolamine polymorphism in studying genetic resources of forage grasses

Abstract

Electrophoresis of single seed prolamines was used for the analysis of Lolium perenne L., Festuca pratensis Huds., and Dac~lis glomerata L. populations. Identification and registration of populations was carried out according to the frequencies of occurrence of genotypes with corresponding types of prolamine banding patterns. The publication sums up the problems of applied use of molecular markers for identification and registration of world genetic resources of forage grasses, analysis of the dynamics of population composition and other problems of plant growing, genetics, breeding and seed control. The approaches mentioned in the article are promising for their use in genetic banks as well as at the institutions which store collections of genetic resources of given crops and at universities and breeding stations.

Gliadin Electrophoretic Analysis of the Genetic Integrity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Accessions After Frequent Seed Reproductions

“…The present research confirmed conclusions of Konarev et al (1995Konarev et al ( , 1996, Steiner et al (1997), Kresovich et al (1997), Hodgkin (1997) or Bo¨rner et al (2000) about the necessity to control the genotypic structure or genetic integrity of accessions reproduced in genebanks. In fact, genebank pioneers as Vavilov, Mansfeld or Lehmann outlined the requirement for the description of accessions in genebank collections and suggested the comparison with reference material for monitoring the status of genebank accessions after regeneration already decades earlier (Mansfeld 1951;Lehmann and Mansfeld 1957).…”

“…A large number of such researches was made by using isozymes and storage proteins (Konarev et al 1995(Konarev et al , 1996Allard 1997). More recently, DNA-marker techniques in general but microsatellite markers in particular were applied for these purposes (Weising et al 1995;Kresovich et al 1997;Bo¨rner et al 2000;Chebotar et al 2003).…”

“…The possibility to investigate old and even dead seeds by single seed analysis allows the estimation of the dynamics of the genotypic composition of an accession after many years and provides a large resolution ability in detection of genetic drift in populations. The large resolution ability of the gliadin (prolamin) system is conditioned by the high number of allele variants at gliadin loci (Vvedenskaya et al 1993;Konarev et al 1995Konarev et al , 1996Konarev et al , 2002Weising et al 1995). Molecular marker systems (proteins, isozymes, DNA markers) are powerful tools for controlling the genetic integrity of genebank collections and the dynamics of populations.…”

“…For material conserved as seeds, there is a periodic need to regenerate a sample (Konarev et al 1995;Hodgkin 1997;Steiner et al 1997;Bo¨rner et al 2000). The methods used for the maintenance of genebank collections are designed to minimise the risk of changes occurring through contamination, selection, random drift or mutation.…”

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“…Более надежную информацию о возможной дублетной природе образцов дает использование морфологических, агрономических или селекционно ценных признаков, а в последнее время -молекулярных маркеров (Ruiz, Aguiriano, 2004;Diederichsen, 2009;Yndgaard et al, in print). Успешное многолетнее использование белковых маркеров, особенно запасных белков семян, в идентификации сортов, биотипов и линий различных культур, включая оценку степени генетического родства, позволяет применять данный подход и для мониторинга «дублетности» ( Konarev V., 1983;Hintum, Visser, 1995;Konarev et al, 1995;Molecular…, 1996;Portyanko et al, 1998;Identification…, 2000;Romanova et al, 2001;Konarev et al, 2002;Pomorcev, Lyalina, 2003;Zelenskaya et al, 2004;Ruiz, Aguiriano, 2004;Konarev et al, 2005). ДНК-маркеры (RAPD-, RFLP-, ALFP-, SSR-анализ) также активно адаптируются для решения рассматриваемой проблемы (Virk et al, 1995;Willner et al, 1998;Verma et al, 1999;Bradley et al, 2002;Lund et al, 2003;Dobrovolskaya et al, 2005;Fu, 2006).…”