Use of plant derived antimicrobials as an alternative to antibiotics

The use of cow urine (CU) in treating a variety of illness can be traced back to ancient ages. It has been referred as an important and integral component of Cowpathy – an age-old practice in Indian sub-continent since the Vedic period (1500 BC – 600 BC). The CU contains several important compounds that are essential in maintaining a balance between the well-being of human and the nature. It is composed of about 95 % water and other useful ingredients such as urea, hormones, lyase enzyme, and salts containing Fe, Ca, P, Mn, S, N, and K. In addition, it also contains lactose, cytokine, and amino acid which are the fundamental building blocks of protein. Researchers have developed various processes for the green synthesis of CU concentrate and evaluated its usefulness in treating various diseases owing to its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Further, CU has also shown promising immunity boosting and anti-oxidant characteristics. Even though human civilization has benefited from the use of CU in treating various types illness but the modern scientific understanding of the cause-effect relationships was partly developed in the last few decades. There exists a huge knowledge gap and a comprehensive study on exploring the science and application of CU hasn’t been reported. This paper reviews the historical perspective, compositional analysis, processing, applications, knowledge gap, and future research required in the field of therapeutic usage of CU.

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Antimicrobial Effect of Natural Products against Bacteria, Fungi, and Yeasts

Badr,

Valencia Quiroz

2024

Biotechnology and Drug Development for Targeting Human Diseases

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Antibiotics are compounds that either halt or destroy bacterial growth. They may be natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic. Secondary metabolites, such as those produced by plants, animals, and microorganisms, are known as natural antimicrobials. The antibacterial/antimicrobial properties of secondary metabolites have been investigated over the past 30 years. Compounds derived from plants and culinary seasonings, including essential oils (EOs), are widely utilized in the food industry as organic agents to inhibit microbial growth in foods and prolong the shelf life of food products. Animal peptides (i.e., polypeptides) also exhibit antimicrobial properties. Certain pathogenic and decaying bacteria may be inhibited by various chemicals produced by numerous microorganisms. Most microbially-derived antibacterial compounds are produced as intermediate byproducts of food fermentation. Numerous factors influence the antibacterial efficacy potential of natural products, including the source of the biological agent, harvesting time, the stage at which it is cultivated, and production methods.

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Use of plant derived antimicrobials as an alternative to antibiotics

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Synthesis of ZnO NPs using cow urine as a reducing agent for antimicrobial application

Synthesis of ZnO NPs using cow urine as a reducing agent for antimicrobial application

A review on the green chemistry perspective of multipurpose use of cow urine

Antimicrobial Effect of Natural Products against Bacteria, Fungi, and Yeasts

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