Use of Phonological Codes during Eye Fixations in Reading and in On-Line and Delayed Naming Tasks

Inhoff, Albrecht W.; Topolski, Richard

doi:10.1006/jmla.1994.1033

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, there is a number of relevant eye movement studies that are consistent with the notion that phonological codes are activated early during eye fixation. These include boundary paradigm (Pollatsek et al, 1992), boundary paradigm with lexical decision task (Henderson et al, 1995) or semantic judgement task (Lesch & Pollatsek, 1998), fast priming paradigm (Rayner, Sereno, Lesch & Pollatsek, 1995;Lee, Binder, Kim, Pollatsek and Rayner, 1999;, sentence reading with pseudohomophones (Inhoff & Topolski, 1994) or homophones Folk, 1999;Folk & Morris, 1995) embedded in sentences and text reading (Jared, Levy and Rayner, 1999;Sparrow & Miellet, 2002). The fact that in our study, parafoveal preview benefits are systematically more important for pseudohomophones confirm these data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Miellet

Sparrow

2004

Brain and Language

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This experiment employed the boundary paradigm during sentence reading to explore the nature of early phonological coding in reading. Fixation durations were shorter when the parafoveal preview was the correct word than when it was a spelling control pseudoword. In contrast, there was no significant difference between correct word and pseudohomophone previews. These results suggest that the phonological codes are assembled before word fixation and are used for lexical access. Moreover, there was evidence that orthographic codes influence the activation of word meaning. We found that fixation durations were shorter for orthographically similar parafoveal previews, and this orthographic priming effect is limited to pseudohomophones. Thus, it seems that both the orthographic and the phonological similarities of the parafoveal preview to the target play a part in the facilitative effects of the preview.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Miellet

Sparrow

2004

Brain and Language

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They monitored the eye movements of speedreaders (reading at approximately 600 -700 words per minute [wpm]) and normal readers (reading 16 Not every variable that affects isolated word recognition influences eye movements in reading. For example, Rayner and Duffy (1986) found no effect of verb complexity on fixation times; Inhoff, Lima, and Carroll (1984) found little effect of whether or not a literal or metaphoric interpretation was associated with a target word (though regression frequency was affected); Perea and Pollatsek (1998) found effects of neighborhood frequency on only spillover fixations (see PoUatsek, Perea, and Binder, in press, for earlier affects; and see Grainger, O'Regan, Jacobs, & Sequi, 1992, for how initial fixation location and neighborhood frequency interact for isolated words); and Inhoff and Topolski (1994) found that the effects of orthographic regularity were rather transient in the eye movement record. However, S. C. Sereno, Rayuer, and Posner (1998) found a regularity effect for low-frequency words, whereas, consistent with word recognition studies, there was no effect for highfrequency words.…”

Section: Speedreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Rayner

1998

Psychological Bulletin

6,025

231

5,590

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies of eye movements in reading and other information processing tasks, such as music reading, typing, visual search, and scene perception, are reviewed. The major emphasis of the review is on reading as a specific example of cognitive processing. Basic topics discussed with respect to reading are (a) the characteristics of eye movements, (b) the perceptual span, (c) integration of information across saccades, (d) eye movement control, and (e) individual differences (including dyslexia). Similar topics are discussed with respect to the other tasks examined. The basic theme of the review is that eye movement data reflect moment-to-moment cognitive processes in the various tasks examined. Theoretical and practical considerations concerning the use of eye movement data are also discussed.Many studies using eye movements to investigate cognitive processes have appeared over the past 20 years. In an earlier review, I (Rayner, 1978b) argued that since the mid-1970s we have been in a third era of eye movement research and that the success of research in the current era would depend on the ingenuity of researchers in designing interesting and informative studies. It would appear from the vast number of studies using eye movement data over the past 20 years that research in this third era is fulfilling the promise inherent in using eye movement behavior to infer cognitive processes. The first era of eye movement research extended from Javal's initial observations concerning the role of eye movements in reading in 1879 (see Huey, 1908) up until about 1920. During this era, many basic facts about eye movements were discovered. Issues such as saccadic suppression (the fact that we do not perceive information during an eye movement), saccade latency (the time that it takes to initiate an eye movement), and the size of the perceptual span (the region of effective vision) were of concern in this era. The second era, which coincided with the behaviorist movement in experimental psychology, tended to have a more applied focus, and little research was undertaken with eye movements to infer cognitive processes. Although classic work by Tinker (1946) on reading and by Buswell (1935) on scene perception was carried out during this era, in retrospect, most of the work seems to have focused on the eye movements per se (or on surface aspects of the task being investigated). Tinker's (1958) final review ended on the rather pessimistic note that almost every-

show abstract

“…Given the strong evidence for early phonological coding found by Rayner et al (1998), Inhoff & Topolski (1994) and Jared, Levy & Rayner (1999), some resolution of the difference between these studies and the finding of Reingold (1993, Daneman et al 1995) is needed. The present experiment was a further exploration of the Daneman et al (1995) study : our participants read a text in which targets words were replaced by pseudohomophones and spelling controls pseudowords.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Inhoff & Topolski (1994) examined fixation times when subjects read short texts that contained pseudohomophones or pseudowords spelling controls. In this study, participants read each text and then decided whether it made sense, as in sentence verification experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Phonological Codes during Reading: Evidence from Errors Detection and Eye Movements

Sparrow

Miellet

2002

Brain and Language

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Use of Phonological Codes during Eye Fixations in Reading and in On-Line and Delayed Naming Tasks

Cited by 71 publications

References 0 publications

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Activation of Phonological Codes during Reading: Evidence from Errors Detection and Eye Movements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About