Activation of Phonological Codes during Reading: Evidence from Errors Detection and Eye Movements

Sparrow, Laurent; Miellet, Sébastien

doi:10.1006/brln.2001.2543

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, there is a number of relevant eye movement studies that are consistent with the notion that phonological codes are activated early during eye fixation. These include boundary paradigm (Pollatsek et al, 1992), boundary paradigm with lexical decision task (Henderson et al, 1995) or semantic judgement task (Lesch & Pollatsek, 1998), fast priming paradigm (Rayner, Sereno, Lesch & Pollatsek, 1995;Lee, Binder, Kim, Pollatsek and Rayner, 1999;, sentence reading with pseudohomophones (Inhoff & Topolski, 1994) or homophones Folk, 1999;Folk & Morris, 1995) embedded in sentences and text reading (Jared, Levy and Rayner, 1999;Sparrow & Miellet, 2002). The fact that in our study, parafoveal preview benefits are systematically more important for pseudohomophones confirm these data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Miellet

Sparrow

2004

Brain and Language

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This experiment employed the boundary paradigm during sentence reading to explore the nature of early phonological coding in reading. Fixation durations were shorter when the parafoveal preview was the correct word than when it was a spelling control pseudoword. In contrast, there was no significant difference between correct word and pseudohomophone previews. These results suggest that the phonological codes are assembled before word fixation and are used for lexical access. Moreover, there was evidence that orthographic codes influence the activation of word meaning. We found that fixation durations were shorter for orthographically similar parafoveal previews, and this orthographic priming effect is limited to pseudohomophones. Thus, it seems that both the orthographic and the phonological similarities of the parafoveal preview to the target play a part in the facilitative effects of the preview.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Miellet

Sparrow

2004

Brain and Language

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“…Recently, Jared, Ashby, Agauas, and Levy () reported shorter initial reading times on homophonic errors relative to spelling controls and proposed that phonology contributes to access of word meanings in Grade 5 English readers. Similar results were reported in some other studies (e.g., Inhoff and Topolski, ; Sparrow and Miellet, ).…”

Section: The Error Disruption Paradigmsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reliance on orthography and phonology in reading of Chinese: A developmental study

Zhou

Shu

Miller

et al. 2017

Journal Research in Reading

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Background: Disruptions of reading processes due to text substitutions can measure how readers use lexical information. Methods: With eye-movement recording, children and adults viewed sentences with either identical, orthographically similar, homophonic or unrelated substitutions of the first characters in target words. To the extent that readers rely on orthographic or phonological cues, substitutions that contain such cues should cause less disruption reading than do unrelated substitutions. Results: On pretarget words, there was a reliable reduction in gaze duration due to homophonic substitution only for children. On target words, we observed reliable recovery effects due to orthographic similarity for adults. On post-target words, adults had better orthographic-based and phonological-based recovery abilities than children.Conclusions: The combination of eye movement recording and the error detection paradigm offers a novel implicit paradigm for studying reading development: during sentence reading, beginning readers of Chinese may rely on phonological mediation, while skilled readers have more direct access to semantics from orthography. What is already known about this topic• There is little evidence for early phonological activation during the reading of Chinese sentences among skilled Chinese readers • There is a rich body of evidence supporting the view that phonological information is activated very early in alphabetic scripts, as indexed by shorter fixation durations

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“…A measure of the orthographic similarity of the cognates was computed using the algorithm described by Van Orden (1987). This algorithm provides an objective measure of the graphemic similarity of word pairs and has been used extensively in prior research (Sparrow & Miellet, 2002;Van Orden, 1987;Van Orden, Johnston, & Hale, 1988;Yates, Locker, & Simpson, 2003). The orthographic similarity score derived from this algorithm is based on a ratio between the graphemic similarity of the word pair relative to the graphemic similarity of the member word to itself.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reading words in Spanish and English: Mapping orthography to phonology in two languages

Schwartz

Kroll

Diaz

2007

Language and Cognitive Processes

188

210

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English-Spanish bilinguals named visually presented words aloud in each language. The words included cognates (e.g., fruit-fruta) and non-cognate translations (e.g., pencil-ládpiz). The cognates were selected so that the orthographic and phonological similarity of their lexical form in each language varied orthogonally. Cognate naming latencies were influenced by the crosslanguage match of the orthographic and phonological codes. When the orthographic forms were similar in the two languages, naming latencies were slowed by dissimilar phonology, providing evidence for feed-forward activation from orthography to phonology across languages. When the orthographic forms were dissimilar, the effects of the corresponding phonological match were not statistically reliable. The results suggest that lexical access is non-selective across bilinguals' two languages, and that the degree of consistency between orthographic and phonological codes influences the manner in which crosslanguage competition is manifest. Findings are discussed in terms of feedforward and feed-backward activation dynamics across languages.

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Activation of Phonological Codes during Reading: Evidence from Errors Detection and Eye Movements

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Phonological codes are assembled before word fixation: Evidence from boundary paradigm in sentence reading

Reliance on orthography and phonology in reading of Chinese: A developmental study

Reading words in Spanish and English: Mapping orthography to phonology in two languages

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