Use of live yeast and mannan-oligosaccharides in grain-based diets for cattle: Ruminal parameters, nutrient digestibility, and inflammatory response

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet supplementation with live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) on ruminal parameters, nutrient digestibility, and the inflammatory response in cattle fed grain-based diets. Three Holstein steers (body weight of 497±3 kg) with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were assigned to a 3 × 3 Latin square design. The animals were kept in individual pens and fed a diet containing 5% sugarcane bagasse and 95% concentrate (906.5 g/kg ground corn). Diet treatments were Control (without additive), Yeast (1.5 g/kg DM live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NCYC 996) and MOS (1.5 g/kg DM MOS, β-glucans and mannan). Dry matter intake, ruminal, intestinal, and total digestibility of nutrients were not affected by the treatments. The ruminal concentration of isobutyric acid increased in animals fed on diets supplemented with Yeast and MOS, whereas isovaleric acid increased with Yeast and decreased with MOS supplementation. Dietary supplementation with Yeast and MOS increased pH and decreased ammonia concentration in the rumen. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations in the rumen and duodenal fluid were not influenced by the additives. However, both Yeast and MOS decreased the plasma levels of LPS and serum amyloid A (SAA). In conclusion, when high-concentrate diets fed to beef cattle are supplemented with either Yeast or MOS, ruminal pH is increased, LPS translocation into the blood stream is decreased, and blood SAA concentration is decreased. These factors reduce the inflammation caused by consumption of grain-based diets, and either supplement could be used to improve the rumen environment in beef cattle susceptible to ruminal subacute acidosis.

A postbiotic from Aspergillus oryzae attenuates the impact of heat stress in ectothermic and endothermic organisms

“…Greater tolerance to heat stress could minimize entry of LPS into the bloodstream, lower exposure of the liver, and lower subsequent expression of acute-phase proteins and cytokines. This type of response was observed in a similar situation where providing either a live yeast or mannan-oligosaccharide supplement lowered LPS and SAA in cattle fed a high grain diet 21 . Heat stress in dairy cattle also has been linked to a reduction in intestinal tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens 1 24 , which would allow greater entry of LPS into circulation.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that the supplementation with AO fermentation extracts reduced body temperature and improved productivity of heat-stressed animals 18 – 20 . Furthermore, dietary supplementation with bioactive compounds of fungal origin reduced heat-induced inflammation and improved liver and gut health in cattle 21 . In view of these notions, we hypothesized that the oral administration of an AO postbiotic to animals may be an effective intervention to counteract the effects of heat stress and maintain cellular homeostasis.…”

Effects of peripartal yeast culture supplementation on lactation performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacteria species in dairy cows

“…The latter is based on the fact that M. elsdenii can ferment l-lactate into propionate and subsequently valerate (Weimer and Moen, 2013). In addition, live yeast supplementation increased the concentration of isovalerate in early-lactation dairy cows under heat stress conditions (Garcia Diaz et al, 2018;Perdomo et al, 2020). Similar findings for isovalerate were observed in the present study, where this isoacid increased in YC cows in early lactation.…”

Uso de aditivos equilibradores de microbiota na alimentação de aves comerciais: Revisão

“…Outro grupo do prebiótico compreende os mananoligossacarídeos (MOS) que são oligômeros à base de manose ligados entre si por ligações glicosídicas β-(1,4), normalmente encontrados em determinadas plantas como o feijão ou na porção manoproteica da parede celular da Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cujos principais componentes, mananos e β-glucanas (manoproteínas), são conhecidos por induzir a ativação do sistema imunológico dos animais (Pourabedin & Zhao, 2015;Diaz, et al, 2018).…”