Use of ketoconazole to treat dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism: 48 cases (1994–2007)

Lien, Yu-Hsin; Huang, Hui

doi:10.2460/javma.233.12.1896

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Inclusion criteria of HAC were clinical signs consistent with a diagnosis of HAC (e.g., polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, decreased activity, panting, a potbellied appearance, and dermatologic problems), results of routine serum biochemical analyses that were consistent with a diagnosis of HAC (i.e., elevated activities of hepatic enzymes), and affirmative results of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests (post-ACTH cortisol concentration >20 μg/dL) [25]. Dogs with inconclusive results of ACTH stimulation tests were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

2010

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BackgroundHypertension and proteinuria are medical complications associated with the multisystemic effects of long-term hypercortisolism in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).MethodsThis study investigated the relationships among adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulation test results, systemic blood pressure, and microalbuminuria in clinically-healthy dogs (n = 100), in dogs affected with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent (PDH; n = 40), or adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADH; n = 30).ResultsMean systemic blood pressure was similar between clinically healthy dogs and dogs with HAC (p = 0.803). However the incidence of hypertension was highest in dogs with ADH (p = 0.017), followed by dogs with PDH, with the lowest levels in clinically healthy dogs (p = 0.019). Presence of microalbuminuria and albuminuria in clinically healthy dogs and dogs affected with HAC was significantly different (p < 0.001); incidences of albuminuria followed the same pattern of hypertension; highest incidence in dogs with ADH, and lowest level in clinically healthy dogs; but microalbuminuria showed a different pattern: clinically healthy dogs had highest incidences and dogs with ADH had lowest incidence. The presence of albuminuria was not associated with blood pressure values, regardless of whether dogs were clinically healthy or affected with ADH or PDH (p = 0.306).ConclusionsHigher incidence of hypertension and albuminuria, not microalbuminuria was seen in dogs affected with HAC compared to clinically healthy dogs; incidence of hypertension and albuminuria was significantly higher in dogs affected with ADH compared to PDH. However, presence of albuminuria was not correlated with systemic blood pressure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

2010

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“…Of note, some tumors appeared to have a thick and firm capsule that made dissection difficult. Gentle traction on the capsule could be useful to define the tumor extent, but aggressive resection of the capsule in 2 dogs likely resulted in hypothalamic injury that contributed to their slow arousal and subsequent euthanasia (dogs 4,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Transsphenoidal surgery using a high definition video telescope for pituitary adenomas in dogs with pituitary dependent hypercortisolism: Methods and results

2014

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“…7 Ketoconazole and L-deprenyl also have been investigated for the treatment of PDH. [8][9][10][11] The former is an imidazole derivative that interferes with cortisol synthesis by inhibiting cyto-chrome-P-450-dependent enzymes. In the few dogs thus far treated with ketoconazole, positive results have been obtained in the majority, but larger studies are needed and there are additional concerns regarding the potentially hepatotoxic effects of the drug.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Low‐ and High‐Dose Trilostane Treatment in Dogs (< 5 kg) with Pituitary‐Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism

Cho

Kang

Chang

et al. 2012

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Trilostane is commonly used to treat pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) in dogs. There are differing opinions regarding the dose and frequency of trilostane administration in dogs with PDH.Objectives: To compare the efficacy of 2 trilostane protocols in the treatment of dogs with PDH. Animals: Sixteen client-owned dogs with PDH and a body weight <5 kg. Methods: Prospective observational study. Group A (n=9; low-dose treatment group) received 0.78 ± 0.26 mg of trilostane/kg PO every 12 h and group B (n = 7; high-dose treatment group) 30 mg of trilostane/dog PO every 24 h. All of the dogs were reassessed at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks after the initiation of treatment.Results: An improvement in both ACTH-stimulated serum cortisol concentrations and clinical signs occurred more slowly in group A than in group B; however, after 20 weeks of treatment, 2/7 dog in group B had clinical signs and abnormal laboratory findings consistent with hypoadrenocorticism. At 24 weeks, an improvement in the clinical findings of all of the dogs in both groups was detected.Conclusions and clinical importance: In dogs with PDH, twice-daily administration of low-dose trilostane is an effective approach to the management of PDH. In addition, our results suggest fewer potential adverse effects if trilostane is administered twice daily in the lower dose.

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Use of ketoconazole to treat dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism: 48 cases (1994–2007)

Abstract: Ketoconazole was a safe and effective option for treating dogs with PDH. Additional research is needed to evaluate the effects of long-term treatment with ketoconazole on adrenal glands.

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Transsphenoidal surgery using a high definition video telescope for pituitary adenomas in dogs with pituitary dependent hypercortisolism: Methods and results

Efficacy of Low‐ and High‐Dose Trilostane Treatment in Dogs (< 5 kg) with Pituitary‐Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism

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