Use of Ionic Liquids for the Synthesis of Iron, Ruthenium, and Osmium Nanoparticles from Their Metal Carbonyl Precursors

Krämer, Jérôme; Redel, Engelbert; Thomann, Ralf; Janiak, Christoph

doi:10.1021/om800056z

Cited by 153 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

106

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An elegant route is also the thermal, photolytic or chemical decomposition of compounds with zero-valent metal atoms, such as metal carbonyls M x (CO) y [23,85,95,96] or [Ru(COD)(COT)] (see section Metal nanoparticles from zero-valent metal precursors) [97,98]. Common to the synthesis of M-NPs in ILs is that no extra stabilizing molecules or organic solvents are needed [19,25,27,61,99] …”

Section: Synthesis Of Metal Nanoparticles In Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smaller Au-NPs (3.5 nm) and Pt-NPs (2.5 nm) were prepared with NaBH 4 as the reductant. Larger gold nanospheres (23,42, and 98 nm) were synthesized using different quantities of trisodium citrate as a reductant. The morphology and the surface state of the metal nanoparticles were characterized by highresolution transmission electron microscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.…”

Section: Chemical Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). ILs may be regarded as a "nanosynthetic template" [23] that stabilizes M-NPs on the basis of their ionic nature [24], high polarity, high dielectric constant and supramolecular network, without the need of additional protective ligands (cf. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ionic Liquids for the Synthesis and Stabilization of Metal Nanoparticles

Janiak

2013

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung B

Self Cite

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The synthesis and stabilization of metal nanoparticles (M-NPs) from metals, metal salts, metal complexes and metal carbonyls in ionic liquids (ILs) is reviewed. The electrostatic and steric properties of ionic liquids allow for the stabilization of M-NPs without the need of additional stabilizers, surfactants or capping ligands. The synthesis of M-NPs in ILs can be carried out by chemical or electroreduction, thermolysis and photochemical methods including decomposition by microwave or sono-/ultrasound irradiation. Gas-phase syntheses can use sputtering, plasma/glow-discharge electrolysis and physical vapor deposition or electron beam and γ-irradiation. Metal carbonyl precursors M x (CO) y contain the metal atoms already in the zero-valent oxidation state needed for M-NPs so that no extra reducing agent is necessary. Microwave-induced thermal decomposition of precursors in ILs is a rapid and energy-saving access to M-NPs because of the significant absorption efficiency of ILs for microwave energy due to their ionic charge, high polarity and high dielectric constant. M-NP/IL dispersions can be applied in catalytic reactions, e. g., in C-C coupling or hydrogenation catalysis.

show abstract

Section: Synthesis Of Metal Nanoparticles In Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ionic Liquids for the Synthesis and Stabilization of Metal Nanoparticles

Janiak

2013

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung B

Self Cite

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, dynamic light scattering (DLS) was also used to estimate particle size. This method rendered sizes slightly larger than those estimated by TEM, explained by the fact that DLS is used to calculate the size of an object moving through a solution, which may include the particle and surrounding protective shell of molecules [80]. As well as conventional heating, microwave heating has been found to be a useful alternative.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterisation Of Ru-nps In Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruthenium Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids – A Saga

Campbell

Prechtl²,

Santini³

et al. 2013

COC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionic liquids (ILs) are excellent media for the generation and stabilisation of metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Their ionic character coupled with 3-D structural pre-organisation in the liquid state, serves to direct the growth of transition metal NPs generated in situ, and to subsequently protect and stabilise them. Until now, many different NPs have been successfully synthesised within these media, however much attention has been paid to Ru-NPs. These have been prepared with small sizes and narrow size distributions by reduction of organometallic compounds with molecular hydrogen as well as decomposition of transition-metal complexes in the zero-valent state. These stable Ru-NPs immobilised in the ILs have proven to be efficient green catalysts for several reactions in multiphase conditions, including important energy-related processes such as biomass refinement. Furthermore, they present potential novel materials for use in the production of smarter electronic devices. In this review, the synthesis, stabilisation and size-control of Ru-NPs via various methods in different ILs is discussed, followed by their varied application in catalysis and potential in new fields.

show abstract

“…In another study, importance of external parameters such as temperature and stirring during synthesis of Ru nanoparticles was highlighted to control nanoparticle size by utilizing the self-organization feature of [BMIm][N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ] IL (Gutel et al, 2007). Additionally, in a series of reports, [BMIm] [BF 4 ] IL was utilized towards the synthesis of Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh and Ir nanoparticles (Redel et al, 2008a;Kramer et al, 2008). It is notable that in most of these studies, ILs themselves acted as stabilizing agents without requiring any external capping agent during synthesis of uniform, ultrasmall metal nanoparticles.…”

Section: Serendipitous Discovery Of Metal Nanoparticles Formation In Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%