Use of intra-articular autologous platelet concentrates as coadjutants in the surgical arthroscopy treatment of elbow dysplasia in a bitch

Intra-Articular Autologous Platelet Concentrate (APC) in the Treatment of Induced Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) in Rabbits — An Arthroscopic Evaluation

“…The substances most commonly used to activate platelets in APC for clinical purposes are thrombin and calcium salts. [22,54,55] In a study by Silva et al [16,56,57] and Silva, [13] there was no difference between the concentrations of growth factors in APC supernatants activated with gluconate, calcium chloride, thrombin, or batroxobin, suggesting that the APC can be activated with any of these substances in dogs and cats. Considering the cost-benefit ratio, calcium gluconate is the best option.…”

“…Platelet activation is performed with 10% calcium gluconate or chloride at a ratio of 1 mL of concentrate to 0.1 mL of activating substance. [16,25] Although experimental studies have shown the positive effect of APC employment on the return of functioning after ligament injuries, traumatic injuries to the articular cartilage, and fractures, controversy remains regarding its action on articular tissues. [58,30,48] The objective of this study was to evaluate, through video-arthroscopy, the effect of APC in experimental OA in rabbits.…”

“…[13][14][15] One type of cell therapy is autologous platelet concentrate (APC) or platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The literature [16][17][18][19][20] reports the benefit of its use in the repair and healing of sick or injured tissues. According to Everts et al [21] autologous platelet concentrate is employed in different clinical situations, but scientific evidence supporting its action is lacking.…”

“…Despite the lack of the standardization of the techniques employed, the literature reports promising clinical results in humans [22][23][24], horses [25][26][27], and dogs. [13,16,28,29] Clinical studies have shown early recovery and pain relief, as observed in the evaluation of dogs after receiving treatment for a rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament [13,29] and the fragmented coronoid process. [13,28,29] Because APC stimulates the healing of tissue, it has been used to treat different joint injuries, such as osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis, hip and elbow dysplasia, chondral defects, tendinitis, bursitis, menisci injuries, muscle injuries, wounds, and fractures, and it has been used as an adjunct in the treatment of the rupture of the cruciate ligament.…”

“…[13,28,29] Because APC stimulates the healing of tissue, it has been used to treat different joint injuries, such as osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis, hip and elbow dysplasia, chondral defects, tendinitis, bursitis, menisci injuries, muscle injuries, wounds, and fractures, and it has been used as an adjunct in the treatment of the rupture of the cruciate ligament. [22,16,28,29,25,30,18,31,32] The results may vary depending on the severity of the case [33] and the method for obtaining the APC.…”