Use of Hybrid Photovoltaic Systems with a Storage Battery for the Remote Objects of Railway Transport Infrastructure

Abstract

The use of a grid-tied photovoltaic system with a storage battery to increase the power of objects of railway transport infrastructure above the limit on consumption from the grid with the possibility of energy saving is considered. The methods of analysis of energy processes in photovoltaic systems with a storage battery are used. They are added via the processing of archival data of power generation of a photovoltaic battery and computer modeling results. A technique of system parameter calculation to increase the power according to the given load schedule of the object at constant and maximum possible degree of power increasing is developed. The values of the average monthly generation of a photovoltaic battery at the location point of the object based on archival data are used. The principle of the control of power, consumed from the grid, according to the given values of the added and total load is developed. Using the basic schedule of added load power in connection with the graph of photovoltaic battery generation allows reducing the installed power of the storage battery. The additional reduction in the installed power of the photovoltaic and storage batteries is possible at the corresponding choice of the degree of power load increasing. The joint formation of current schedules with reference to the added power value and state of charge of the battery according to the short-term forecast of the generation of a photovoltaic battery is proposed. The value of added power at certain intervals of time is set according to the graph of actual generation of the photovoltaic battery, which contributes to the maximum use of its energy. With the average monthly generation of a photovoltaic battery in the spring–autumn period, the discharge of the battery during the hours of the morning load peak is not used. This reduces the number of deep discharge cycles and extends the battery life. The description of energy processes in steady-state conditions for the daily cycle of system functioning is formalized. On this basis, a mathematical model is developed in MATLAB with an estimation of the costs of electricity consumed from the grid. When modeling, archival data are used for days when the generation of a photovoltaic battery over time intervals is close to average monthly values. This makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of system management under conditions close to real during the year.

Running Dynamics of Rail Vehicles

“…The energy that an electrified railway line takes from the electrical grid fluctuates significantly, and the peaks often reach the power limit of a grid. In [6], Olexandr Shavolkin et al propose to solve this issue using a photovoltaic system and battery storage working in parallel to the electrical grid supply. The mathematical model of such electrical system has been developed; based on the simulations of the parameters of the photovoltaic system, they have been justified; and the system's capabilities in the daily mode for different seasons of the year have been assessed.…”

Solar–Wind System for the Remote Objects of Railway Transport Infrastructure

“…A solution to increasing the power of the object of railway transport infrastructure over the limit on consumption from the grid using PVS is considered in [8]. The considered implementation principles with reference to the added load power are focused on reducing the installed PV power P PVR and the energy capacity W BR of SB.…”

“…The choice of parameters for the PV-WG system with a battery should be carried out using archival data on the generation of RES for specific conditions [6,8]. PV generation power data, including information on the average monthly energy values for the specified coordinate of the location of the object, are presented in [22].…”

“…The simulation of a hybrid PVS system using a supercapacitor in the interval of the PV generation duration is considered in [24]. The modeling processes in the LO power supply system for the daily operation cycle using real archive data of RES generation to assess the system performance are presented in [6,8,18]. This implies the formalization of energy processes in the LO power supply system for the operating modes used.…”

“…A variant of the system with the use of a grid multifunctional inverter VSI, which is common to RES [6,8], was considered (Figure 1). The generation of electricity into the grid was not used.…”