Use of GIS and Remote Sensing to Develop Indicators of Phosphorus Non-Point Source Pollution in the Pike River Basin

Deslandes, J.; Michaud, A.; Bonn, F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4080-6_15

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The predominant effect of surface-applied manure on the dissolved fraction of exported phosphorus is also consistent with the well-documented increased mobility and solubility of P in manure-amended soils (Russell 1973;Sharpley et al 1984Sharpley et al , 2001Gangbazo et al 1993;Haygarth and Jarvis 1999). Reduced P sorption capacity of soils resulting from manure inputs could also favour the DRP fraction in runoff from manured plots.…”

Section: Dissolved Reactive Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The higher soil organic carbon content (P < 0.001) at the Sainte-Rosalie site (75 g kg -1 ) compared to other sites (Table 1) likely promoted soil aggregate resistance to wetting and rain drop impacts (Imeson and Jungerius 1976). Greater soil aggregate stability has been related to reduction in sediment concentrations in runoff generated under simulated rainfall conditions at sites in southern Québec (Michaud 1987), Western Canada (Luk 1979), and in the United States (El-Swaify and Dangler 1976;Young and Mutchler 1977). Pote et al 1996;Sharpley et al 1996).…”

Section: Sediment Concentration In Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plot studies conducted under natural and simulated rainfall conditions have extensively documented the adverse effects of non-incorporated or late-season manure disposal on nutrient export under Quebec's climatic conditions (Côté et al 1998;Gangbazo et al 1997). On a regional scale, surpluses in P budgets have been tied to elevated P levels in soils and streams within the Pike River watershed, a major tributary and non-point P contributor to Missisquoi Bay (Deslandes et al 2004). …”

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Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability

Michaud¹,

Laverdière

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Michaud, A. R. and Laverdière, M. R. 2004. Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 295-305. A simulated rainfall study was conducted on an array of 36 runoff plots (6 m 2 each) deployed on three benchmark soil series of the Missisquoi region in southwestern Québec. The split-plot experimental design tested the effects and interactions of pig slurry treatment as main plots (check vs. 59 kg P ha -1 ) and cropping (tilled vs. hay) as subplots, on runoff volume and concentrations in total suspended sediment (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved reactive soluble P (DRP), particulate P (PP) and bioavailable P (BioP). TP concentration in runoff ranged from a low of 1.17 mg L -1 average on non-amended Bedford hay, to a peak concentration average of 9.55 mg L -1 on manured and tilled Saint-Sébastien plots. Variance analysis indicated significant contributions of treatments in explaining TP concentration in runoff as follows: Soil type effect > Cropping effect > Soil × Cropping interaction > Manure effect. Erosion and sediment transport processes were identified as prime vectors of TP export. Manure effect alone accounted for 35% of overall DRP variability, while soil type alone accounted for 70% of variability in particulate P bioavaibility (BioP/PP). Among practical implications of this study is the importance of assessing PP bioavaibility to adequately predict the adverse impact of runoff on aquatic ecosystems. The high level of interaction among cropping and manure treatment and the site-specific influence of soil physical and chemical properties also calls for a holistic approach to nonpoint P risk assessment and management, that focusses on timely manure P management, control of soil P build-up and agricultural practices minimizing surface runoff.Key words: Phosphorus, P-index, rainfall simulation, runoff, erosion, bioavailability, sediment Michaud, A. R. et Laverdière, M. R. 2004. Effets de la couverture végétale, de l'apport de lisier et du type de sol sur l'exportation de phosphore et sa biodisponibilité. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 295-305. Une étude faisant intervenir une simulation de pluie fut conduite sur un réseau de 36 parcelles expérimentales de 6 m 2 distribuées sur trois séries de sol caractéristiques de la région de Missisquoi, au Québec. Le dispositif expérimental en tiroirs a mis en relief les effets et les interactions des traitements d'apport de lisier de porc en parcelle principale (témoin vs. 59 kg P ha -1 ) et de couverture du sol en parcelle secondaire (sol nu vs. prairie) sur le volume de ruissellement et ses concentrations en matières en suspension (MES), phosphore total (PT), P réactif dissout (PRD), P particulaire (PP) et P biodisponible (Pbio). Les concentrations observées en PT ont varié d'un minimum de 1.17 mg L -1 sur le loam argileux Bedford en prairie, non amendé, à un maximum de 9.55 mg L -1 sur le loam Saint-Sébastien en condition de sol nu et amendé à partir de lisier de porc. L'analyse de variance indiqua que l...

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Section: Dissolved Reactive Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Sediment Concentration In Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability

Michaud¹,

Laverdière

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…The issue of P loss to the lake is one that impacts upon the agricultural sector, inasmuch as 80% of non-point source P has been shown to arise from cultivated lands within the watershed (Hegman et al 1999). Watershed-scale modelling of hydrological performance, erosion processes and P mobility on the bay's principal Québec P contributing tributary, the 630 km 2 Pike River watershed (Deslandes et al 2007), was implemented to support the planning of action by the region's stakeholders working towards the watershed and bay's sustainable development. The hydrological model of Deslandes et al (2007) highlighted the significant spatial clustering of P exports across the watershed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Watershed-scale modelling of hydrological performance, erosion processes and P mobility on the bay's principal Québec P contributing tributary, the 630 km 2 Pike River watershed (Deslandes et al 2007), was implemented to support the planning of action by the region's stakeholders working towards the watershed and bay's sustainable development. The hydrological model of Deslandes et al (2007) highlighted the significant spatial clustering of P exports across the watershed. Under current soil and crop management practices, over 50% of P loads reaching the watershed's outlet arose from only 10% of the watershed's area.…”

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confidence: 99%

SWAT-predicted influence of different landscape and cropping system alterations on phosphorus mobility within the Pike River watershed of south-western Québec

Michaud¹,

Beaudin²,

Deslandes³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2007. SWAT-predicted influence of different landscape and cropping system alterations on phosphorus mobility within the Pike River watershed of south-western Québec. Can. J. Soil Sci. 87: [329][330][331][332][333][334][335][336][337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344]. An agreement between the governments of the province of Québec and the State of Vermont calls for a 41% decrease in phosphorus (P) loads reaching Missisquoi Bay, the northern portion of Lake Champlain. The agreement particularly targets the agricultural sector, since 80% of non-point source P inputs to the bay are associated with cultivated lands. In order to identify sustainable cropping practices likely to help meet the target P loads, the SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) model was employed to assess hydrological performance, erosion processes and P mobility on the bay's principal Québec P contributing tributary, the 630 km 2 Pike River watershed. Strong in-watershed spatial clustering of vulnerability to non-point source exports highlights the need for targeted implementation of sustainable agricultural practices and soil conservation works to derive the reduction in P loads. Planting cover crops over the 10% most vulnerable lands would result in roughly a 21% drop in overall P exports at the watershed outlet, whereas the same 10% randomly distributed over the watershed would only contribute to a 6% drop in P exports. The study of different field-scale management scenarios indicated that achieving the targeted 41% reduction in P exports would require the widespread (half the land devoted to annual crops) implementation of sustainable cropping practices, and the conversion of a specific 10% of the territory to either cover crops or permanent prairie land. Meeting the P target-loads would require additional investments in the protection of floodplains and riparian strips, the targeted construction of runoff-control structures, and the rapid soil incorporation of manures on lands dedicated to annual crops.Key words: Soil and water assessment tool, modelling, sediment, phosphorus, cropping system, scenario, best agricultural management practices Michaud, A. R., Beaudin, I., Deslandes, J., Bonn, F. et Madramootoo, C. A. 2007. Modélisation de l'influence du paysage et des systèmes culturaux alternatifs sur la mobilité du phosphore dans le basin versant de la rivière aux Brochets, Québec. Can. J. Soil Sci. 87: 329-344. La réduction de 41 % des flux de phosphore à la baie Missisquoi, portion septentrionale du lac Champlain, a fait l'objet d'une entente entre les gouvernements de la province de Québec et de l'état du Vermont. L'entente interpelle particulièrement le secteur agricole, puisque 80 % des apports diffus de phosphore (P) atteignant la baie y originent. À l'aide de SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), une modélisation du fonctionnement hydrologique, des processus d'érosion et de la mobilité du P a été réalisée à l'échelle du bassin versant de la rivière aux Brochets (630 km 2 ), principal contributeur de P à la baie en territoire québ...

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Modeling the Impacts of Spatial Heterogeneity in the Castor Watershed on Runoff, Sediment, and Phosphorus Loss Using SWAT: I. Impacts of Spatial Variability of Soil Properties

Boluwade

Madramootoo

2013

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Spatial accuracy of hydrologic modeling inputs influences the output from hydrologic models. A pertinent question is to know the optimal level of soil sampling or how many soil samples are needed for model input, in order to improve model predictions. In this study, measured soil properties were clustered into five different configurations as inputs to the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) simulation of the Castor River watershed (11-km2 area) in southern Quebec, Canada. SWAT is a process-based model that predicts the impacts of climate and land use management on water yield, sediment, and nutrient fluxes. SWAT requires geographical information system inputs such as the digital elevation model as well as soil and land use maps. Mean values of soil properties are used in soil polygons (soil series); thus, the spatial variability of these properties is neglected. The primary objective of this study was to quantify the impacts of spatial variability of soil properties on the prediction of runoff, sediment, and total phosphorus using SWAT. The spatial clustering of the measured soil properties was undertaken using the regionalized with dynamically constrained agglomerative clustering and partitioning method. Measured soil data were clustered into 5, 10, 15, 20, and 24 heterogeneous regions. Soil data from the Castor watershed which have been used in previous studies was also set up and termed “Reference”. Overall, there was no significant difference in runoff simulation across the five configurations including the reference. This may be attributable to SWAT's use of the soil conservation service curve number method in flow simulation. Therefore having high spatial resolution inputs for soil data may not necessarily improve predictions when they are used in hydrologic modeling.

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Use of GIS and Remote Sensing to Develop Indicators of Phosphorus Non-Point Source Pollution in the Pike River Basin

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability

Cropping, soil type and manure application effects on phosphorus export and bioavailability

SWAT-predicted influence of different landscape and cropping system alterations on phosphorus mobility within the Pike River watershed of south-western Québec

Modeling the Impacts of Spatial Heterogeneity in the Castor Watershed on Runoff, Sediment, and Phosphorus Loss Using SWAT: I. Impacts of Spatial Variability of Soil Properties

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