Use of Electronarcosis to Immobilize Juvenile and Adult Northern Pike

Walker, Mary; Yanke, Elizabeth A.; Gingerich, William H.

doi:10.1577/1548-8640(1994)056<0237:uoetij>2.3.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…We also observed that an increase in power density generally resulted in an increase in mean immobilization duration, consistent with findings for other fish species (Walker et al. ; Trushenski and Bowker ). Our results also indicate that the minimum threshold for larval immobilization is between a power density of 4,778 μW/cm 3 and 14,333 μW/cm 3 regardless of waveform because at a power density of ≤4,778 μW/cm 3 only two individuals were immobilized for short durations (<3 s), whereas all but two fish were immobilized at a power density ≥14,333 μW/cm 3 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Electroimmobilization as an Alternative Method to Chemical Immobilization of Larval Fish

et al. 2019

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Electroimmobilization is commonly used in field and hatchery settings for juvenile to adult fish; however, its use in laboratory studies is limited, specifically with larval fish. Here, we describe the use of electroimmobilization for temporary immobilization of larval fish, with Zebrafish Danio rerio as the species of interest. We quantified immobilization duration and survival of larvae for 72 h after exposure to a range of electrical settings and electric waveforms. We also compared effects of electroimmobilization between two wild‐type strains and between larvae 4 days postfertilization (dpf) and 7 dpf. Our results indicate that an electrical power density level of 10,406 μW/cm3 (corresponding to a 10V setting with our experimental parameters) was ineffective at immobilizing fish, regardless of waveform; however, mean immobilization duration increased with an increase in applied power density, which was longest (mean ± SE = 100 ± 11 s) when using a pulsed direct current at a power density of 860,000 μW/cm3. Significant differences in mean immobilization duration and survival between strains were not detected for larvae exposed to the same setting. However, 7‐dpf larvae exposed to the same setting as 4‐dpf larvae had significantly longer immobilization durations across all treatment groups. Survival of 4‐dpf larvae within any given electroimmobilization treatment ranged from 80% to 100%, which was comparable to chemical immobilization with tricaine methanesulfonate or to age‐matched controls. Survival of 7‐dpf larvae ranged from 48% to 90% depending on electroimmobilization treatment, but survival of age‐matched controls was 65%; thus, lower survival of 7‐dpf larvae in treatment groups cannot be attributed specifically to electroimmobilization. These findings indicate that electroimmobilization can be a valuable tool for rapidly immobilizing larval fish in laboratory research, but we caution that it should only be used for short‐duration procedures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Electroimmobilization as an Alternative Method to Chemical Immobilization of Larval Fish

et al. 2019

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“…Despite several investigators reporting no evidence of harmful effects (Halsband ; Halsband and Halsband ; Walker et al . ), others showed that exposure of egg carrying fish to electric fields can cause significant damage or premature expulsion of gametes and sometimes reduced viability of subsequently fertilized eggs (Marriott ; Muth and Ruppert ; Roach ). The survival of embryos on or in the substrate was also affected, particularly when exposure happened between pre‐cleavage stages and eyed‐egg stages (Godfrey ; Lamarque ).…”

Section: Side Effects Of Electric Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrotrawling: a promising alternative fishing technique warranting further exploration

Soetaert

Decostere

Polet³

et al. 2013

Fish and Fisheries

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In trawl fisheries, beam trawls with tickler chains, chain mats or bobbin ropes are used to target flatfish or shrimp. High fuel consumption, seabed disturbance and high discard rates are well-known disadvantages of this fishing technique. These shortcomings are increasingly gaining international public and political attention, especially with the upcoming discard ban in Europe. The most promising alternative fishing technique meeting both the fisherman's aspirations, and the need for ecological progress is pulse fishing with electrotrawls. Here, the mechanical stimulation by tickler chains or bobbins is replaced by electrical stimulation resulting in reduced bottom contact, fuel costs and discards. Although a significant amount of research has been done on electrotrawls and their impact on marine organisms, most data were published in very diverse sources ranging from local non-peer-reviewed reports with a limited distribution to highly consulted international peer-reviewed journals. Therefore, there is a clear need for a comprehensive yet concise and critical overview, covering and summarizing all these data and making these available for the scientific community. This article aims to meet the above goals by discussing the working principle of electric fields, the history of electrotrawls and their current application in the North Sea and impact on marine organisms. It is concluded by elaborating on the opportunities and challenges for the further implementation of this alternative fishing technique

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“…Furthermore, the reaction of fish to electricity varies depending on the intensity of the electrical field, the duration of exposure, and body morphometry (Ross and Ross 2008). Therefore, species-specific investigations into the efficacy of electricity as a sedative (hereafter, "electrosedation"), which should include both sublethal and lethal effects of exposure, are required because a single combination of waveform, frequency, and exposure time may not be suitable for all fishes (Walker et al 1994;Zydlewski et al 2008;Hudson et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Electricity to Sedate Lake Trout for Intracoelomic Implantation of Electronic Transmitters

Faust

Vandergoot

Hostnik

et al. 2017

N American J Fish Manag

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Use of telemetry data to inform fisheries conservation and management is becoming increasingly common; as such, fish typically must be sedated before surgical implantation of transmitters into the coelom. Given that no widely available, immediate‐release chemical sedative currently exists in North America, we investigated the feasibility of using electricity to sedate Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush long enough for an experienced surgeon to implant an electronic transmitter (i.e., 180 s). Specifically, our study objectives were to determine (1) whether some combination of electrical waveform characteristics (i.e., duty cycle, frequency, voltage, and pulse type) could sedate Lake Trout for at least 180 s; and (2) whether Lake Trout that were sequentially exposed to continuous DC and pulsed DC had greater rates of spinal injury and short‐term mortality than control fish. A Portable Electrosedation System unit was used to sedate hatchery and wild Lake Trout. Dual‐frequency pulsed‐DC and two‐stage approaches successfully sedated Lake Trout and had similar induction and recovery times. Lake Trout sedated using the two‐stage approach did not have survival rates or spinal abnormalities that were significantly different from those of control fish. We concluded that electricity was a viable alternative to chemical sedatives for sedating Lake Trout before surgical implantation of an electronic transmitter, but we suggest that Lake Trout and other closely related species (e.g., Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus) may require morphotype‐specific electrical waveforms due to their morphological diversity. Received January 28, 2017; accepted April 24, 2017 Published online June 20, 2017

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Use of Electronarcosis to Immobilize Juvenile and Adult Northern Pike

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Electroimmobilization as an Alternative Method to Chemical Immobilization of Larval Fish

Electroimmobilization as an Alternative Method to Chemical Immobilization of Larval Fish

Electrotrawling: a promising alternative fishing technique warranting further exploration

Use of Electricity to Sedate Lake Trout for Intracoelomic Implantation of Electronic Transmitters

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