Use of Elderspeak by Young and Older Adults to Impaired and Unimpaired Listeners

Kemper, Susan; Ferrell, Patrice; Harden, Tamara; Finter-Urczyk, Andrea; Billington, Catherine

doi:10.1076/anec.5.1.43.22

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…When younger adults talk with elders, they simplify speech and alter the emotional tone (underlying affective quality of messages). 3, 22 The implicit message of incompetence then begins a negative downward spiral for older persons, who react with decreased self-esteem, depression, withdrawal, and the assumption of dependent behaviors. 21 Kemper and Harden 2 confirmed that cognitively intact older adults have negative perceptions of elderspeak.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elderspeak Communication: Impact on Dementia Care

Williams

Herman

Gajewski

et al. 2008

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

194

182

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Resistiveness to care (RTC) is common in older adults with dementia. RTC disrupts nursing care, increasing costs of care by 30%. Elderspeak (infantilizing communication used by nursing staff) may trigger RTC in individuals with dementia. Videotaped care episodes (N=80) of nursing home residents with dementia (N=20) were coded for type of staff communication (normal talk and elderspeak) and subsequent resident behavior (cooperative or RTC). Bayesian statistical analysis tested relationships between staff communication and subsequent resident RTC. The probability of RTC varied significantly with communication (Bayes p = .0082). An increased probability of RTC occurred with elderspeak (.55, CrI = .44 -.66), compared to normal talk (.26, CrI = .12-.44). Communication training has been shown to reduce elderspeak and may reduce RTC in future research.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elderspeak Communication: Impact on Dementia Care

Williams

Herman

Gajewski

et al. 2008

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

194

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ageist attitudes influence the quality and type of services that are delivered to older persons and/or those deemed less worthy of care such as aging homeless persons (Bowling, 1999;Cykert, Kissling, Layson, & Hansen, 1995;Damiano, Momany, Willard, & Jogerst, 1997;Ivey, Wieling, & Harris, 2000;Kane, 2002Kane, , 2004aKane, , 2008Pettersen, 1995;Reekie & Hansen, 1992). Speech patterns change when professionals dislike or hold negative attitudes toward aging clients (e.g., Balsis & Carpenter, 2005;Caporeal, 1981;Hummert & Mazloff, 2001;Kemper, Finter-Urczyk, Ferrell, Harden, & Billington, 1998;Kemper, Othick, Gerhing, Gubarchuk, & Billington, 1998;Reekie & Hansen, 1992;Ryan, Kennaley, Pratt, & Shumovich, 2000). The services delivered by professionals who hold negative attitudes to persons with mental health or ethanol and/or other substance abuse/dependence concerns are affected (Barnea & Teichman, 1994;Bartels & Smyer, 2002;Blow, Oslin, & Barry, 2002;Choi & McDougall, 2007;Kane, 2006aKane, , 2006bKane, , 2007Lakey, Gray, Ciechanowski, Schwartz, & LoGerfo, 2008;Rugler, 2000;Sadock & Sadock, 2007;Solberg, Maciosek, & Edwards, 2008;Wilson et al, 2007).…”

Section: Attitudes Toward the Homeless Young And The Homeless Oldmentioning

confidence: 97%

Perceptions of Students about Younger and Older Men and Women who May Be Homeless

Kane

Green

Jacobs

2010

Journal of Social Service Research

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Future human service providers will interact with homeless persons in health, mental health, and social service practice contexts. This study investigated the perceptions of students enrolled in social work courses who are pursuing degrees in human service programs toward older and younger female and male homeless individuals. Respondents (N = 207) were given one of four vignettes in which a character was identified as an older male, a younger male, an older female, or a younger female who was frequently seen near an interstate highway, talking to him/herself and appearing unkempt, thin, and frail. Most respondents perceived the vignette character as mentally ill, neglectful of health, likely to have HIV, tuberculosis, hepatitis A and/or hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C, likely to experience suicidal thoughts/ideation, and to have head lice/scabies/body lice. Older men were more likely to be perceived as military veterans with a history of mental illness and substance abuse. Older women were least likely to be perceived as having a history of substance abuse or using a handout to purchase ethanol. Older women were perceived to be homeless because they could not afford other living accommodations. A general linear model revealed significant differences in 7 of 41 items that respondents answered based on the gender and age of the vignette characters. These perceptual differences between male and female homeless persons will require additional investigation.The attitudes of social workers and other human service professionals toward homeless persons may impact intervention, service delivery, and willingness to work with these populations. There is little literature investigating the perceptions of people preparing for human service careers toward older and younger homeless women and men and whether perceptual differences ex-).ist toward homeless persons based on the age and gender of the homeless person. It was hypothesized that there would be differences in how older and younger homeless men and women are viewed.Because homelessness occurs throughout the lifespan and to consider whether age and gender impacted beliefs and perceptions, four 261

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“…This speaking style has been labeled secondary babytalk, patronizing speech, or elderspeak. Elderspeak has been observed and reported in both institutiona l (Caporael, Lukaszewski, & Culberton, 1983) and community settings (Ryan & Cole, 1990), as well as in laboratory pairings of intergenerationa l dyads (Kemper, Ferrell, Harden, Finter-Urczyk, & Billington, 1998). Elderspeak is characterized by simplified grammar and vocabulary, exaggerated prosody, and increased numbers of tag questions (Ryan, Hummert, & Boich, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Recall and Subjective Reactions to Speaking Styles: Does Age Matter?

Gould

Saum

Belter

2002

Experimental Aging Research

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Eighty-four younger adults (M = 20.9 years), and 70 older adults (M = 71.1 years) watched a videotaped presentation of medication instructions presented in either neutral speech or elderspeak. Older adults, particularly those with higher working memory performance, tended to recall more information from the elderspeak version. Younger and older adults agreed in rating the elderspeak as having both positive and negative characteristics. Findings supported our hypothesis that the relationship between recall performance and positive subjective reactions to speaking styles would be stronger for older adults than for younger adults.

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Use of Elderspeak by Young and Older Adults to Impaired and Unimpaired Listeners

Cited by 46 publications

References 21 publications

Elderspeak Communication: Impact on Dementia Care

Elderspeak Communication: Impact on Dementia Care

Perceptions of Students about Younger and Older Men and Women who May Be Homeless

Recall and Subjective Reactions to Speaking Styles: Does Age Matter?

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