Use of Bacteria as Fluorescent Penetrant for Penetrant Testing (PT)

Method of Choice: A Fluorescent Penetrant Taking into Account Sustainability Criteria

“…After reviewing the literature, it was concluded that the actions taken were to achieve reliable and effective fluorescent penetration inspection [10,20,21], and thus referred to the idea of sustainable development, the concept of Society 5.0 and partly the concept of Industry 4.0. These actions were mainly aiming to reduce the negative influences that fluorescent penetrants have on the natural environment [13,14,22] and reduce the human factor in the decision-making process [10,20,21]. The solution which achieved, to allow one to unambiguously to choose the FPI method, takes into account reliability, efficiency and the environment.…”

“…The second stage of the method is determining the set of criteria to be used, on which the choice of the fluorescent penetrant will be based. Based on the above-mentioned aim, the criteria, in context of the idea of sustainable development, were chosen [10,13,14,20]. Additional criteria adopted-which are included in the proposed method (except for standard ones, i.e., the level of penetrant and penetration time)-are its influence on the natural environment, reactivity, and combustibility.…”

“…The first criterion is the influence on the natural environment (so the degree of impact the penetrant on the natural environment) [10,13,14,20], was analyzed and efforts were made to limit its negative impacts, for example by replacing it with E-cola bacteria [13] or semiconductor quantum dots (QD) [14]. However, fluorescent penetrants are still used, which are not replaced by less environmentally harmful substitutes, by which the method of choice of these penetrants for the FPI was not pointed, which would include their influence on the natural environment.…”

“…In the third step, the indicators of cost-quality analysis were calculated for each of penetrant analyzed (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

“…The fifth is the indication of decision function indicators d 0 (12) or d 1 (13), which are comparable with the universal, single scale of relative states, giving the possibilities of making a preliminary decision about the choose one of comparable a few variants [35][36][37]44,53]:…”