Use of a polymerase chain reaction assay and an ELISA to monitor porcine circovirus type 2 infection in pigs from farms with and without postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

Sibila, Marina; Calsamiglia, María; Segalés, Joaquím; Blanchard, Philippe; Badiella, Llorenç; Dimna, Mireille Le; Jestin, André; Domingo, Mariano

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.88

Cited by 81 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that the result of PCR in serum for PCV2 is not adequate for diagnosing PMWS [7]. Furthermore, when screening pigs of different ages by this method, a very high number of animals are PCR positive despite having or not PMWS based on the previous commented diagnostic criteria [26,41]. Therefore, although the studied pigs came from a farm suffering a severe PMWS outbreak, they represented a population that survived the disease period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin and pig-major acute protein are increased in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)

Segalés

Piñeiro²,

Lampreave

et al. 2004

Vet. Res.

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-The objective of this study was to determine the serum concentration levels of selected acute phase proteins (APP), haptoglobin (HPT) and pig-major acute phase protein (pig-MAP), in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) affected pigs and PCV2-subclinically infected pigs. In a first study, a group of 15 eight-week-old conventional pigs from a PMWS affected farm were bled and a complete necropsy, histopathology and in situ hybridisation to detect PCV2 were performed. Based on the results, pigs were classified as suffering from PMWS (n = 10) or healthy animals (n = 5). In a second study, a group of 45 pigs from another PMWS affected farm were selected and bled at 3, 7, 12 and 28 weeks of age. The assessment of PCV2 infection status in these pigs was retrospectively done by PCV2 PCR in serum samples. Selected APP were measured in the serum of all studied pigs by means of radial immunodiffusion. Mean HPT and pig-MAP levels were significantly increased (p = 0.004 and p = 0.0006 respectively) in PMWS-affected pigs when compared to levels found in healthy pigs (2.52 ± 0.88 mg/mL vs. 1.06 ± 0.73 mg/mL for HPT and 3.81 ± 1.53 mg/mL vs. 0.76 ± 0.34 mg/mL for pig-MAP). In the second study, no significant difference in mean HPT and pig-MAP values were observed between PCV2 PCR positive and negative pigs of any age. However, both APP increased significantly with age in PCV2 PCR negative pigs. Altogether, the present results suggest that APP levels are significantly increased in pigs that develop PMWS, but not in animals with a PCV2 subclinical infection. porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) / postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) / acute phase proteins / haptoglobin / pig major acute phase protein (pig-MAP)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin and pig-major acute protein are increased in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)

Segalés

Piñeiro²,

Lampreave

et al. 2004

Vet. Res.

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“…One feature of the host-PCV-2 interaction is viral persistence in seropositive swine. 7,25,26,35,42 As a consequence, it is likely that virus or viral DNAs (or both) are shed intermittently throughout life in a subset of both boars 25 and sows, 26,35,42 each serving as potential source of infectious virus to their progeny. The virus is very stable and may be retained in infectious form in the environment for many months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of Porcine Circovirus-2 Disease: Correlations between Lesions, Amount and Distribution of Virus, and Clinical Outcome

Krakowka

Ellis

McNeilly³

et al. 2005

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Tissue sets from 36 snatch-farrowed colostrum-deprived (SF/CD) and 71 Caesarian-derived gnotobiotic swine infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) as neonates were examined and scored for the types and tissue distribution of histologic lesions associated with this viral infection. The occurrence and severity of these lesions were correlated with qualitative and quantitative determinations of viral burden in tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tissue titrations for infectious virus, respectively. These measures were, in turn, related to 1 of 3 categories of clinical disease expressed in PCV-2-infected swine as subclinical infection, preclinical postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), and clinically evident PMWS, respectively. Statistically significant (P Ͻ 0.05 to 0.001) associations between both measures of viral burden, the severity of histologic lesions and the stage of disease were obtained. Discrimination between and among categories of disease was best accomplished by a combination of IHC and histopathology. The results of this study confirm that viral burden in PCV-2-infected tissues, specifically lymphoid tissues and liver, directly correlate with severity of clinical disease expression in PCV-2 infected swine.

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“…In this sense, BOE, 1995). Circovirus disease (PCV2) was firstly described in Spain in 1997 and the infection is present in almost 100% of Spanish pig farms (Sibila et al, 2004). However, commercial vaccine against PCV2 was recently developed and it is starting to be used to minimize the effects of this disease in pig production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive study of production factors affecting performance traits in growing-finishing pigs in Spain

Agostini

Gasa

Manzanilla

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The objective of this study was to build up a data set including productive performance and production factors data of growing-finishing (GF) pigs in Spain in order to perform a representative and reliable description of the traits of Spanish growing-finishing pig industry. Data from 764 batches from 452 farms belonging to nine companies (1,157,212 pigs) were collected between 2008 and 2010 through a survey including five parts: general, facilities, feeding, health status and performance. Most studied farms had only GF pigs on their facilities (94.7%), produced ‘industrial’ pigs (86.7%), had entire male and female (59.5%) and Pietrain-sired pigs (70.0%), housed between 13-20 pigs per pen (87.2%), had  50% of slatted floor (70%), single-space dry feeder (54.0%), nipple drinker (88.7%) and automatic ventilation systems (71.2%). A 75.0% of the farms used three feeding phases using mainly pelleted diets (91.0%), 61.3% performed three or more antibiotic treatments and 36.5% obtained water from the public supply. Continuous variables studied had the following average values: number of pigs placed per batch, 1,515 pigs; initial and final body weight, 19.0 and 108 kg; length of GF period, 136 days; culling rate, 1.4%; barn occupation, 99.7%; feed intake per pig and fattening cycle, 244 kg; daily gain, 0.657 kg; feed conversion ratio, 2.77 kg kg-1 and mortality rate, 4.3%. Data reflecting the practical situation of the Spanish growing and finishing pig production and it may contribute to develop new strategies in order to improve the productive and economic efficiency of GF pig units.

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Use of a polymerase chain reaction assay and an ELISA to monitor porcine circovirus type 2 infection in pigs from farms with and without postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

Abstract: A high prevalence of PCV2 infection was found in pigs from farms with and without PMWS. Besides the presence of PCV2, unknown additional factors may be necessary to induce the full expression of PMWS.

Cited by 81 publications

References 27 publications

Haptoglobin and pig-major acute protein are increased in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)

Haptoglobin and pig-major acute protein are increased in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)

Features of Porcine Circovirus-2 Disease: Correlations between Lesions, Amount and Distribution of Virus, and Clinical Outcome

Descriptive study of production factors affecting performance traits in growing-finishing pigs in Spain

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