“…The accuracy of the navigation system depending on the integrity of the connected components of the system, and the stability of DRF, which are the critical parts of navigation surgery. Traditionally, the DRF is fixed in the spinal process [12] or PSIS [5,11] to prevent the movement, synchronization of the visual data set, and the actual anatomical positions. However, placement of DRF on PSIS may require another separate incision wound, hinder the surgical procedure, interfering with the navigation, and compromising the accuracy in MIS TLIF [13].…”