Usage of V2X Applications in Road Tunnels

Abstract

Many smart city applications work with calculated position and time using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals for enhanced precision. However, there are many places where the availability of GNSS is limited, e.g., road tunnels, which are an essential part of transport infrastructure. Tunnels also require greater attention and greater importance of approaches to ensure the safety and security aspects of traffic. The safety, distribution of information, awareness, and smooth traffic can also be ensured by V2X applications, but the current position is also needed. An experimental analysis of data connection and communication availability was performed in the Blanka tunnel (Prague) and its surroundings. The main objective of the work was to find and clearly describe the tunnel blind spots, with an emphasis on communication between cars and potentially between cars and infrastructure. This article summarizes the evaluation results of the V2X tunnel experimental test, the outputs from the analysis of these blind spots, and it provides a future perspective and suggestions that make tunnels smart by using advanced positioning approaches.

Use of One-Stage Detector and Feature Detector in Infrared Video on Transport Infrastructure and Tunnels

“…Detecting and providing information on the number of passengers in the vehicle in the tunnel is important for emergency services in case of an emergency in the tunnel (accident, fire). This method of detection might significantly develop new ITS trends in tunnels, especially adding data for cooperative C-ITS systems [11]. Last, but not least, the security of data transmission in the tunnel system, their protection in case of detection of persons, and ensuring cyber security are burning issues which need to be investigated [69].…”

“…These systems use vehicle-to-vehicle communication or appropriate communication with the infrastructure. The infrastructure manager receives accurate information about the vehicle (the vehicle status), and he can send the required information, navigation, and control data or other information [11].…”

Passenger Occupancy Estimation in Vehicles: A Review of Current Methods and Research Challenges

“…To improve the quality and safety of transportation, researchers, governments, and companies seek newer and more advanced systems to improve the sustainability of traffic systems, reduce travel times, and greenhouse gas emissions, improve quality of life, response times of rescue services, etc. [138][139][140].…”

The Present and Future of a Digital Montenegro: Analysis of C-ITS, Agriculture, and Healthcare

“…A tunnel means an additional traffic-related risk (e.g., due to the rapidly changing environment, namely, the brightness, temperature, or wind speed), which can be mitigated by using V2X techniques. Brož et al [93] presented the challenges of V2X use cases in tunnels, especially the coverage and positioning issues. V2X systems increase the awareness of the drivers so that they can prepare for changing conditions, such as standing vehicles, road works, strong wind, black ice, etc.…”