Urticaria and Mastocytosis

Grattan, Clive; Black, A. Kobza

doi:10.1002/9780470750520.ch47

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 305 publications

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“…Intestinal parasites are a rare but recognized cause of chronic urticaria 1 . There are, however, only two published reports to our knowledge concerning the role of Blastocystis hominis in chronic urticaria 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic urticaria due to Blastocystis hominis

Gupta

Parsi

2006

Aust J Dermatology

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A 24-year-old woman had a 9-week history of second to third daily urticaria that began after an episode of contact urticaria to topical bufexamac. She was found to have an underlying gastrointestinal infection with Blastocystis hominis. This was thought to be clinically relevant as she had a history of mild chronic diarrhoea. After treatment of the Blastocystis hominis, her urticaria ceased. This could indicate the importance of performing stool microscopy and culture on all patients with chronic urticaria of unknown aetiology. The relationship of urticaria to intestinal parasites and the possibility that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications could act as cofactors that help precipitate an urticarial reaction is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic urticaria due to Blastocystis hominis

Gupta

Parsi

2006

Aust J Dermatology

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“…The usual starting dose of danazol is 200–600 mg daily 12,16,35. As soon as symptomatic control is achieved, the dosage is reduced to the minimum dose that suppresses the attacks.…”

Section: Hereditary Angioedemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in the treatment of acute abdominal and facial attacks of hereditary angioedema: focus on human C1 esterase inhibitor

Cardona

Bellfill²,

Caus³

2010

TACG

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Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a potentially fatal genetic disorder typified by a deficiency (type I) or dysfunction (type II) of the C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) and characterized by swelling of the extremities, face, trunk, abdominal viscera, and upper airway. Type III is normal estrogen-sensitive C1-INH HAE. Bradykinin, the main mediator of HAE, binds to endothelial B2 receptors, increasing vascular permeability and resulting in edema. HAE management includes short- and long-term prophylaxis. For treating acute episodes, C1-INH concentrate is recommended with regression of symptoms achieved in 30–90 min. Infusions of 500–1000 U have been used in Europe for years. Two plasma-derived C1-INH concentrates have been licensed recently in the United States: Berinert® for treating acute attacks and Cinryze® for prophylaxis in adolescent/adult patients. A recombinant C1-INH that is being considered for approval (conestat alfa) exhibited significant superiority versus placebo. Ecallantide (Kalbitor®) is a selective kallikrein inhibitor recently licensed in the United States for treating acute attacks in patients aged >16 years. It is administered in three 10-mg subcutaneous injections with the risk of anaphylactic reactions. Icatibant (Firazyr®) is a bradykinin B2 receptor competitor. It is administered subcutaneously as a 30-mg injection and approved in Europe but not in the United States.

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“…Chronic urticaria is characterized by widespread, transient, and itchy cutaneous swellings affecting patients for six weeks or longer with individual lesions lasting less than 24 hours 1 . The term chronic “ordinary” urticaria (COU) has been proposed to classify chronic urticaria by clinical presentation rather than etiology, as up to 40–50% of patients previously diagnosed as “chronic idiopathic urticaria” (CIU) have an autoimmune basis for their disorder 2 . The term “COU” can be used when predominantly physical, vasculitic, and contact urticarias have been excluded 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term chronic “ordinary” urticaria (COU) has been proposed to classify chronic urticaria by clinical presentation rather than etiology, as up to 40–50% of patients previously diagnosed as “chronic idiopathic urticaria” (CIU) have an autoimmune basis for their disorder 2 . The term “COU” can be used when predominantly physical, vasculitic, and contact urticarias have been excluded 2 . The exact incidence and prevalence of COU are not known, although it occurs in at least 0.1% and possibly up to 3% of the population 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%