“…Te wound healing assay was carried out in accordance with the AR-RIVE Guidelines [20]. Te sample number was calculated using the Gpower 3.1 program (2020 version, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany) at 80% test power based on previous studies [4,21].…”
“…In the morphohistological evaluation, infammatory infltrate, vascular formation, neocollagenesis and re-epithelialization were observed at all times, according to the standard protocol for histological evaluation [20]. Te scores attributed to these histological analyses were absence (0), presence (1), intensely infltrated (2), and severely infltrated (3) [4,21].…”
“…Wound healing is a complex process that involves an orderly sequence of events, divided into four steps: hemostasis, infammation, proliferative, and remodeling phase [4]. Tere are commercial dressings for treating acute and chronic wounds that include silver, nanocrystalline silver, alginate, and hydrogel [5][6][7].…”
Background. “Canela-guaicá,” “guaicá,” or “canela-sebo” [Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees] is a native species that is traditionally used by Kaingang indigenous groups for wound healing in southern Brazil. The aim of this study was to extract the mucilage from O. puberula barks, perform its phytochemical and physicochemical characterization, and investigate its healing potential. Methods. A murine wound model was used as a preclinical trial for authentication of the traditional knowledge from Kaingang indigenous communities. Results. Alkaloids and polysaccharides were identified by usual qualitative reactions and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. This natural product showed thermal stability and pseudoplastic properties that were considered suitable for the intended use. A higher initial exacerbation of inflammatory response after 7 days, an improved angiogenesis after 14 days, and an increased wound shrinkage after 21 days were statistically significant for the “canela-guaicá” bark extract in the preclinical trial when compared to the silver calcium alginate dressing (positive control). Conclusion. The healing potential of the “canela-guaicá” bark extract, traditionally used by the Kaingang indigenous community from southern Brazil, was preclinically validated. This study paves the way for designing novel wound dressings containing this natural product in order to treat acute and chronic wounds.
“…Te wound healing assay was carried out in accordance with the AR-RIVE Guidelines [20]. Te sample number was calculated using the Gpower 3.1 program (2020 version, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany) at 80% test power based on previous studies [4,21].…”
“…In the morphohistological evaluation, infammatory infltrate, vascular formation, neocollagenesis and re-epithelialization were observed at all times, according to the standard protocol for histological evaluation [20]. Te scores attributed to these histological analyses were absence (0), presence (1), intensely infltrated (2), and severely infltrated (3) [4,21].…”
“…Wound healing is a complex process that involves an orderly sequence of events, divided into four steps: hemostasis, infammation, proliferative, and remodeling phase [4]. Tere are commercial dressings for treating acute and chronic wounds that include silver, nanocrystalline silver, alginate, and hydrogel [5][6][7].…”
Background. “Canela-guaicá,” “guaicá,” or “canela-sebo” [Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees] is a native species that is traditionally used by Kaingang indigenous groups for wound healing in southern Brazil. The aim of this study was to extract the mucilage from O. puberula barks, perform its phytochemical and physicochemical characterization, and investigate its healing potential. Methods. A murine wound model was used as a preclinical trial for authentication of the traditional knowledge from Kaingang indigenous communities. Results. Alkaloids and polysaccharides were identified by usual qualitative reactions and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. This natural product showed thermal stability and pseudoplastic properties that were considered suitable for the intended use. A higher initial exacerbation of inflammatory response after 7 days, an improved angiogenesis after 14 days, and an increased wound shrinkage after 21 days were statistically significant for the “canela-guaicá” bark extract in the preclinical trial when compared to the silver calcium alginate dressing (positive control). Conclusion. The healing potential of the “canela-guaicá” bark extract, traditionally used by the Kaingang indigenous community from southern Brazil, was preclinically validated. This study paves the way for designing novel wound dressings containing this natural product in order to treat acute and chronic wounds.
“…In adequate concentrations, this protein supports controlled inflammation, even allowing the synthesis of other proteins, such as collagen in the dermis. Hepatic fibrinogen synthesis can increase 20-fold from baseline levels under conditions of severe stress [59,60].…”
Background: Tacrolimus (TAC) is a drug of natural origin used in conventional topical dosage forms to control atopic dermatitis. However, direct application of the drug often causes adverse side effects in some patients. Hence, drug nanoencapsulation could be used as an improved novel therapy to mitigate the adverse effects and enhance bioavailability of the drug. Methods: Physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release experiments, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity studies were performed. Results: TAC-loaded nanocapsules were successfully prepared by the interfacial deposition of preformed polymer using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The nanoparticulate systems presented a spherical shape with a smooth and regular surface, adequate diameter (226 to 250 nm), polydispersity index below 0.3, and suitable electrical stability (−38 to −42 mV). X-ray diffraction confirmed that the encapsulation method provided mainly the drug molecular dispersion in the nanocapsule oily core. Fourier-transform infrared spectra suggested that nanoencapsulation did not result in chemical bonds between drug and polymer. In vitro drug dissolution experiments showed a controlled release with a slight initial burst. The release kinetics showed zero-order kinetics. As per the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, anomalous transport features were observed. TAC-loaded PCL nanocapsules exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the free drug. Conclusions: TAC-loaded PCL nanocapsules can be suitably used as a novel nano-based dosage form to control atopic dermatitis.
“…Systematic factors can be underlying disease, medications, aging, sex hormones, and any condition that suppresses the immune response. Sex hormones, including estrogens (estrone and 17 β -estradiol) and androgens and related hormones (testosterone and 5 α -dihydrotestosterone dehydroepiandrosterone), influence the wound healing process [ 7 ]. The difference in gene expression between the wounds of aged and young individuals is regulated almost exclusively by estrogen [ 8 ], whereas androgens negatively affect wound healing [ 9 ].…”
Background and Objectives. A wound is one of the high-prevalence disorders that affect people’s lives physically, mentally, and financially. This study examined the Astragalus microcephalus Willd. wound healing process in in vivo and in vitro conditions by focusing on the phytoestrogen activity of this extract. Methods. The methanolic root extract was prepared by maceration, and flavonoids were evaluated by LC/MS. In silico examination was performed based on the LC/MS results, and the binding affinity of these compounds to estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β was evaluated. Wound healing evaluation in both in vitro (NHDF cell line, by 500 μg/ml concentration of the extract, 24 h) and in vivo (Wistar rat, topical daily treated with 1.5% of the extract ointment, 21 days) conditions in comparison to control groups was conducted. Rats’ control groups included silver sulfadiazine, Vaseline, and the nontreated groups. Results. Eleven flavonoids were detected using LC/MS. The in silico study showed that formononetin, kaempferol-based structures, quercetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, and calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside had a high affinity (<−6.3) to ERs α and β. Wound closing measurement showed significant improvement in the group treated with the extract in both in vitro and in vivo assays compared to the control groups. Histopathological results confirmed these findings; inflammation factors decreased, and fibroblast proliferation, fibrosis, and epithelization increased, especially in the extract group. Conclusion. This study shows that Astragalus microcephalus has wound healing activity in vitro and in vivo with low toxicity due to the presence of flavonoids, especially isoflavonoids, which show a high affinity to bind to ERs α and β in the skin tissue.
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