Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor and Urokinase Activities in Renal Diseases

Abstract

Using an improved method of determination, urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) activities were assayed in relation to urokinase (UK) activities in a large group of patients with various renal diseases. In normal subjects (n = 50), the mean 24-hour values of the UTI and UK activities were 4.29 ± 1.44 U/ml and 9.80 ± 3.81 IU/ml, respectively. Data for renal diseases such as renal stone, hydronephrosis, renal cancer, and chronic glomerulo-nephritis (UTI, 5.51 ± 2.29 U/ml (p < 0.005) and UK, 6.88 ± 2.64 IU/ml (p < 0.001); n = 40), and particularly uremia (UTI, 9.90 ± 5.68 U/ml (p < 0.001) and UK, 3.85 ± 2.36 IU/ml (p < 0.001); n = 30), showed that the UTI level was increased whereas the UK level was decreased. The UTI/UK ratio more clearly demonstrated the difference between these diseases.

Urinary Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Renal Disease

“…Several studies have been reported in which absolute levels o f urinary plasminogen activators have been measured in patients with renal disease and, generally speaking, a diminution in urinary enzyme content has been observed [5,16,17]. Since these investigations were under taken before techniques or reagents were available for distinguishing t-PA and u-PA the results would not be comparable with those that we record.…”

Rapid Accumulation of Plasma Acid-Stable Trypsin Inhibitor in Experimental Acute Renal Injury

“…No alteration in ASTI activity was observed at an early stage of experimental glomerulonephritis. The data obtained confirm that ASTI is excreted through the renal tubules and that the plasma ASTI concentration is very sensitive to renal tubular dysfunction.with renal failure, Toki and Sumi [7] re ported that UTI activity was considerably elevated while urokinase activity was de creased in urine. We confirmed the presence of ASTI in blood, and in dialysis patients the activity was found to be elevated about 20-fold [8], Furthermore, we observed a rapid elevation of ASTI activity in a patient who developed acute renal failure after extracor poreal-circulation open-heart surgery [9], In that case, the change in ASTI activity oc curred earlier than the elevation of [T-microglobulin, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen.…”

Clearance and Distribution of Acid-Stable Trypsin Inhibitor (ASTI)

“…The acid-stable trypsin inhibitor (ASTI) is a very acidic glycoprotein which occurs in urine, plasma and other body fluids [1-6]. It is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor [7][8][9] whose activity is increased in various patho physiological states [10][11][12][13][14], The detailed metabolism of ASTI, however, has never been investigated.…”