Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Etiology, Resistance to Antibacterial Chemicals and Virulence Features

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To identify and to determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the elderly patients (� 65 years) admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) at County Emergency Clinical Hospital Craiova, Romania. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 463 elderly patients (� 65 years) admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. In this study there were analyzed 617 samples from 463 elderly patients (� 65 years). A total of 776 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 175 strains of Klebsiella spp. (22.55%), followed by MRSA - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (108 -13.91%) and Escherichia coli (99 -12.75%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (572 isolates -73.71%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas (73.07%), MRSA (62.03%) and Klebsiella (44.57%). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates from elderly patients (�65 years), which draws attention to the need for judicious use of antibiotics and for careful monitoring of the drug resistance of patients.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens in Elderly Patients Admitted in the Intensive Care Unit

Golli¹,

Niţu²,

Bălăşoiu³

et al. 2019

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“…In the age group 0-6 months such infections are predominantly caused by Candida albicans species and can affect the oropharynx and/or the esophagus of persons with dysfunctions of the adaptive immune system [21][22][23]. Because simple changes in the physiology of the human organism can lead to disturbance of the balance in microbiota, the Candida genus species exhibit a very high pathogen profile [24][25][26].…”

Section: Results and Disscussionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Measles in Romania Between 2016 and 2018. A comprehesive overview

Muşat¹,

Nemes²,

Moldovan³

et al. 2019

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Measles is an ever-growing threat, a major public health issue, being responsible for a large number of deaths, especially in children. This paper aims to study all cases of measles in Romanian hospitals, cases reported by National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest on a two year period of time; the study focuses on frequency and pattern territorial distribution of cases, temporal evolution, complication rates and the social pressure the such an infectious disease is putting onto the national health system. Data gathered shows a total number of 2,985 for 2016, 10,181 for 2017 and 8,364 for the entire 2018, with a grand total of 21,530 patients analyzed by our study. The analysis clearly shows, on one hand, a descending rate in vaccination coverage, compared with the national assigned target and, on the other hand, a continuous drop in vaccination rates with the first dose of Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR), both being in equal manner dangerous situations for the entire health system in Romania.

“…World Health Organization estimated that these illnesses cause 4 billion cases of diarrhoea and 2.2 million deaths annually [6]. Furthermore, pollution of groundwater by microbial contaminants of faecal origin not only leads to spread of waterborne infections, but also involves the spread of antibiotic resistant organisms into environment [7] which is a matter of concern as it can lead to transmission of antibiotic resistance to pathogenic bacteria [8,9]. The studies developed in the last decades showed an increase in drug resistance in waterborne pathogens against the commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of enteric diseases including tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Chemical Quality Assessment of Groundwater Sources from Periurban Area of Bucharest, Romania

Marinescu¹,

Ilie²,

Ghita³

et al. 2019

Twenty-two groundwater sources mainly used for drinking purpose in Bucharest peri-urban area were investigated for assessment of physico-chemical and microbiological quality with a view to determining its potential risk to public health. Results of chemical analysis revealed that nitrites, sulphates and chlorides were below the permissible levels, while 63.64% of the analysed groundwater sources exceeded the maximum admissible concentration for nitrates, with concentration variations ranging from 67.27 to 523.19 mg/L. The bacteriological analysis showed that in about 63% of groundwater sources total coliform, faecal coliform and enterococci have exceeded the threshold limits recommended by the Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EC and the Romanian Law. Another aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative strains isolated from groundwater sources. There observed the resistance to many antibiotics, particularly: ticarcillin (80%), aztreonam (29%), gentamicin (11%), imipenem (9%), ceftriaxone (9%), ceftazidime (3%) and ciprofloxacin (3%). Significant higher resistance rates were observed in strains isolated from shallow groundwater sources as compared with strains isolated from deep groundwater sources. Pseudomonas sp. (26%) isolates with multiple-drug resistance (MDR) were encountered. The results of the study revealed a bacteriological contamination and high levels of nitrate concentrations in most of the groundwater samples, which could pose an important risk to human health.