Urinary Tract Infections in Benin: Exploring the Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes among Bacterial Isolates

Dougnon, Victorien; Assogba, Phénix; Jibril, Mohammed; Agbankpé, Alidehou Jerrold; Déguénon, Esther; Fabiyi, Kafayath; Dougnon, Jacques; Baba-Moussa, Lamine; Bankolè, Honoré

doi:10.9734/ijpr/2021/v7i130174

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Staphylococcus strains (coagulase-positive and -negative) show a relatively high resistance rate to penicillin, oxacillin, Augmentin, and cotrimoxazole. This observation is shared by other authors in Benin [ 3 ] and Morocco [ 44 ]. Coagulase-positive staphylococci ( S. aureus ) strains showed high resistance to vancomycin (52.6%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

Assouma,

Sina,

Dossou

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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Staphylococci can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). These UTIs are among the significant causes of antibiotic resistance and the spread of antibiotic-resistant diseases. The current study is aimed at establishing a resistance profile and determining the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus strains isolated from UTI samples collected in Benin. For this purpose, urine samples (one hundred and seventy) that were collected from clinics and hospitals showed UTI in patients admitted/visited in Benin. The biochemical assay method was used to identify Staphylococcus spp., and the disk diffusion method tested the antimicrobial susceptibility. The biofilm formation ability of the isolates of Staphylococcus spp. was investigated by the colorimetric method. The presence of mecA, edinB, edinC, cna, bbp, and ebp genes was examined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that Staphylococcus species were identified in 15.29% of all infected individuals and that 58% of these strains formed biofilms. Most Staphylococcus strains (80.76%) were isolated in female samples, and the age group below 30 years appeared to be the most affected, with a rate of 50%. All Staphylococcus strains isolated were 100% resistant to penicillin and oxacillin. The lowest resistance rates were seen with ciprofloxacin (30.8%), gentamicin, and amikacin (26.90%). Amikacin was the best antibiotic against Staphylococcus strains isolated from UTIs. The isolates carried mecA (42.31%), bbp (19.23%), and ebp (26.92%) genes in varying proportions. This study provides new information on the risks posed to the population by the overuse of antibiotics. In addition, it will play an essential role in restoring people’s public health and controlling the spread of antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections in Benin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…UTIs affect, worldwide, approximately 150 million people annually [ 2 ]. The prevalence of UTIs was 67.96% in Benin, with a predominance of women (62.50%) [ 3 ]. However, the etiology of these infections has been extensively studied in recent decades, and only a few bacterial species are considered authentic uropathogens [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

Assouma,

Sina,

Dossou

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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“…al. 22 Nonetheless, a PTFE coated-Cu electrode is simpler to manufacture on a large scale compared enzyme active sites of cytochrome c to generate NO for neuronal modulation. 7 The nanocatalysts were spread over fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass and served as a working electrode with Pt foil used as a counter electrode.…”

Section: Heterogenous Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical NO Generation: Past, Present, and Future

Pung,

Jolly,

Liu

2023

Preprint

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Generation of NO is crucial for many biological applications due to the antiseptic and antithrombotic properties of NO, as well as its role as a signaling molecule. Much work has been devoted to developing various methods of generating NO on demand. Recently, temporal control and fine-tunability have become highly sought after in NO generation, wherein electrochemistry has emerged as a suitable approach. Herein, we give an overview of the progress towards developing electrochemical generation of NO thus far and offer an outlook for the future of the field. Since much of electrochemical NO generation involves the use of either organometallic catalysts or catalysts inspired by enzymes, addressing challenges and limitations in electrochemical NO generation warrant collaboration between electrochemistry, organometallics, materials, and biochemistry. While the combination of electrochemistry with organometallics currently uses Cu and Fe-based catalysts, there is inspiration to discover other transition metal-based catalysts. Additionally, the combination of electrochemistry with advanced materials could result in the use of nanostructured electrodes such as nanowires and nanorods. These combinations with biochemistry allows for on demand NO generation systems to be developed in a biocompatible manner. In particular, the above propositions are taken from the well-studied CO2 reduction to CO, due to the similarities with nitrite (NO2–) reduction, which is a common NO precursor.

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“…However, in a recent study in central Benin, antibiotic resistant pathogens such as K. pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from blood cultures ( 14 ). Studies on other clinically important pathogenic bacteria show AMR to be common in Benin ( 16 , 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing for bacterial sepsis diagnosis and utilization of results by clinicians in Benin: A qualitative study

Lègba

Dougnon

Koudokpon

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectivesWe assessed the current status of blood culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) practices in clinical laboratories in Benin, and how the laboratory results are used by physicians to prescribe antibiotics.MethodsThe qualitative study covered twenty-five clinical laboratories with a bacteriology unit and associated hospitals and pharmacies. Altogether 159 laboratory staff, physicians and pharmacists were interviewed about their perceptions of the state of laboratory diagnostics related to sepsis and the use of antibiotics. Face-to-face interviews based on structured questionnaires were supported by direct observations when visiting five laboratories in across the country.ResultsOnly 6 laboratories (24%) conducted blood cultures, half of them with a maximum of 10 samples per month. The most common gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood cultures were: Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi while the most common gram-positives were Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. None of the laboratories listed Klebsiella pneumoniae among the three most common bacteria isolated from blood cultures, although other evidence indicates that it is the most common cause of sepsis in Benin. Due to limited testing capacity, physicians most commonly use empirical antibiotic therapy.ConclusionsMore resources are needed to develop laboratory testing capacity, technical skills in bacterial identification, AST, quality assurance, and communication of results must be strengthened.

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Urinary Tract Infections in Benin: Exploring the Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes among Bacterial Isolates

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Pathogenic Staphylococcus Species from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Benin

Electrochemical NO Generation: Past, Present, and Future

Assessment of blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing for bacterial sepsis diagnosis and utilization of results by clinicians in Benin: A qualitative study

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