2015
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3432
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Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options

Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a severe public health problem and are caused by a range of pathogens, but most commonly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. High recurrence rates and increasing antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens threaten to greatly increase the economic burden of these infections. In this Review, we discuss how basic science studies are elucidating the molecular details of the crosstalk that occurs … Show more

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Cited by 2,867 publications
(3,056 citation statements)
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References 148 publications
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“…Besides P pili, some UPEC strains express type I pili, which via the FimH adhesin confer binding to a-D-mannosylated proteins, such as uroplakins on bladder epithelia, allowing colonization of the urinary tract [94]. There is a paucity of data in relation to factors affecting uroplakin expression, although it has been shown to be associated with malignant transformation in the uroepithelium [95] (Fig.…”
Section: Urogenital Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Besides P pili, some UPEC strains express type I pili, which via the FimH adhesin confer binding to a-D-mannosylated proteins, such as uroplakins on bladder epithelia, allowing colonization of the urinary tract [94]. There is a paucity of data in relation to factors affecting uroplakin expression, although it has been shown to be associated with malignant transformation in the uroepithelium [95] (Fig.…”
Section: Urogenital Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Oko 80% akutnih infekcija mokraćnih puteva uzrokuje Escherichia coli, a zatim bakterije iz roda Proteus, Klebsiella, ređe Enterobacter sp, Serratia, Staphylococcus saprophyticus [5][6][7].…”
Section: Uvodunclassified
“…Assim, considera-se infeção urinária a presença de bactérias (principais agentes patogénicos da ITU) em qualquer parte do sistema urinário (com a exceção da uretra), capazes também de se multiplicarem e induzirem processos inflamatórios nas variadas partes do sistema urinário. 3 Os critérios definidos para o diagnóstico de ITU são variados, 4,5 baseando-se em sinais e sintomas e não exclusivamente na positividade da urocultura (crescimento ≥10 5 ufc). Assim numa grande parte dos casos de suspeita de ITU, a urocultura não é requerida para estabelecer o diagnóstico.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified