Temporal upregulation of host surface receptors provides a window of opportunity for bacterial adhesion and disease

Kc, Rajendra; Shukla, Shakti D.; Walters, E. Haydn; O'Toole, Ronan

doi:10.1099/mic.0.000434

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Other major classes of host cell receptors include carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) 42 . S. pneumoniae increases expression of many of its epithelial surface receptors and thereby increases its adherence in response to inflammatory stimuli 43 . The surface-exposed lipoproteins foldase protein PrsA (also known as PpmA) 44 and peptidyl-prolyl isomerase SlrA 45 also contribute to adherence to epithelial cells.…”

Section: Colonization By S Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae: transmission, colonization and invasion

2018

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Streptococcus pneumoniae as a complex relationship with its obligate human host. On the one hand, the pneumococci are highly adapted commensals, and their main reservoir on the mucosal surface of the upper airways of carriers enables transmission. On the other hand, they can cause severe disease when bacterial and host factors allow them to invade essentially sterile sites, such as the middle ear spaces, lungs, bloodstream and meninges. Transmission, colonization and invasion depend on the remarkable ability of S. pneumoniae to evade or take advantage of the host inflammatory and immune responses. The different stages of pneumococcal carriage and disease have been investigated in detail in animal models and, more recently, in experimental human infection. Furthermore, widespread vaccination and the resulting immune pressure have shed light on pneumococcal population dynamics and pathogenesis. Here, we review the mechanistic insights provided by these studies on the multiple and varied interactions of the pneumococcus and its host.

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Section: Colonization By S Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae: transmission, colonization and invasion

2018

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“…There is now convincing data that implicate the PAFR (Fig. ), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAM) in increased susceptibility of COPD patients to respiratory pathogens …”

Section: Bacterial Colonization and Infection In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another receptor implicated in pneumococcal adhesion is the polymeric immunoglobulin (pIg) receptor (pIgR), which is a membrane protein that facilitates transcytosis of pIg ( i.e. IgA and IgM) across mucosal epithelial cells .…”

Section: Bacterial Colonization and Infection In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAM) in increased susceptibility of COPD patients to respiratory pathogens. [53][54][55] Another receptor implicated in pneumococcal adhesion is the polymeric immunoglobulin (pIg) receptor (pIgR), 53 which is a membrane protein that facilitates transcytosis of pIg ( i.e. IgA and IgM) across mucosal epithelial cells.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Increased Bacterial Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

et al. 2019

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COPD is a seriously disabling respiratory condition that inexorably progresses to disability and mortality. It affects approximately 10% of the population globally with a greater prevalence at advanced ages. Airway bacterial infections complicate the disease course in most COPD patients, leading to increased symptoms, more rapid decline in lung function, acute exacerbations and reduced quality of life. With increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics and adverse effects of conventional treatments, new effective non‐antibiotic antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed to manage COPD. Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α is an important transcriptional regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia, oxidants and inflammation, and is overexpressed in the lungs of COPD patients. Recent evidence shows that increased HIF‐1α expression can upregulate the platelet‐activating factor receptor (PAFR) on the airway epithelial surface that is increased in smokers and particularly COPD patients. The receptor is utilized by PAFR‐dependent bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) to induce infection in both the respiratory and gastrointestinal (GI) tracts. However, the importance and mechanism of HIF‐1α in augmenting PAFR‐dependent bacterial infections in COPD are poorly understood. Here, we review the evidence for the roles of local tissue hypoxia‐induced inflammation, HIF‐1α and PAFR in facilitating bacterial infections in COPD. Blocking PAFR may provide a novel antimicrobial approach to manage bacterial infections in COPD.

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“…Ecological invasions progress through distinct stages, beginning with transport and population expansion, and culminating in their impact on ecosystems (Sakai et al 2001). These same stages occur when newly introduced bacteria colonize the human microbiome (Bosch et al 2013, Kc et al 2017). Most ecological invasions are unsuccessful (Williamson 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stronger connectivity of the resident gut microbiome lends resistance to invading bacteria

Baym

2018

Preprint

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Bacterial infection in the gut is often due to successful invasion of the host microbiome by an 12 introduced pathogen. Ecological theory indicates that resident community members and their interactions should be strong determinants of whether an invading taxon can persist in a community. In the context of 14 the gut microbiome, this suggests colonization resistance against newly introduced bacteria should depend on the instantaneous bacterial community composition within the gut and interactions between 16 these constituent members. Here we develop a mathematical model of how metabolite-dependent biotic interactions between resident bacteria mediate invasion, and find that stronger biotic connectivity from 18 metabolite cross-feeding and competition increases colonization resistance. We then introduce a statistical method for identifying invasive taxa in the human gut, and show empirically that greater connectivity of 20 the resident gut microbiome is related to increased resistance to invading bacteria. Finally, we examined patient outcomes after fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) for recurring Clostridium difficile infection. 22Patients with lower connectivity of the gut microbiome after treatment were more likely to relapse, experiencing a later infection. Thus, simulation models and data from human subjects support the 24 hypothesis that stronger interactions between bacteria in the gut repel invaders. These results demonstrate how ecological invasion theory can be applied to the gut microbiome, which might inform targeted 26 microbiome manipulations and interventions. More broadly, this study provides evidence that low connectivity in gut microbial communities is a hallmark of community instability and susceptibility to 28 invasion.

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Temporal upregulation of host surface receptors provides a window of opportunity for bacterial adhesion and disease

Cited by 28 publications

References 115 publications

Streptococcus pneumoniae: transmission, colonization and invasion

Streptococcus pneumoniae: transmission, colonization and invasion

Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Stronger connectivity of the resident gut microbiome lends resistance to invading bacteria

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