Urinary shedding of spirochaetes in a dog with acute leptospirosis despite treatment

Juvet, Florence; Schüller, Simone; O’Neill, Emma; O'Neill, P A; Nally, Jarlath E.

doi:10.1136/vr.d740

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…They could represent reinfection after exposure to the same environmental source, lack of drug penetration to the site of infection in the liver, insufficient duration of treatment, or antimicrobial‐resistant infections. However, resistance to doxycycline is thought to be rare in leptospirosis in dogs . All dogs were treated for a minimum of 14 days with doxycycline, which is the recommended treatment for dogs with leptospirosis …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic leptospiral infections in dogs without obvious renal involvement

McCallum

Constantino‐Casas

Cullen

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundReports of chronic hepatitis in dogs caused by Leptospira spp. are confined to small case series. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allows the identification of spirochetes in liver samples. Consequently, this technique may help elucidate the role of Leptospira spp. in cases of chronic hepatitis.ObjectivesTo describe cases of hepatic leptospirosis in dogs diagnosed by FISH and subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) speciation, with the absence of clinically relevant renal involvement.AnimalsTen client‐owned dogs.MethodsRetrospective case series from the University of Cambridge presented between 2013 and 2016 or cases consulted by telephone advice during this time period. Cases were selected based on histopathologically confirmed granulomatous hepatitis and leptospiral organisms identified by FISH and PCR speciation (Leptospira interrogans/kirschneri).ResultsAll cases had increased liver enzyme activities, and FISH in combination with PCR speciation‐confirmed infection with L. interrogans/kirschneri. Four dogs underwent repeat liver biopsy, FISH and PCR speciation 4‐15 months after initial presentation and doxycycline treatment with 1 dog undergoing repeat sampling at necropsy. Three dogs that underwent repeat biopsy remained positive for L. interrogans/kirschneri infection. Six dogs were alive at the time of manuscript preparation and 4 dogs were euthanized as a result of progressive liver disease.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe presence of hepatic leptospiral organisms may be associated with chronic granulomatous hepatitis without clinical evidence of renal involvement. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the etiological role of these organisms in the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic leptospiral infections in dogs without obvious renal involvement

McCallum

Constantino‐Casas

Cullen

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…The dog responded to therapy only when switched to streptomycin, possibly indicating a lack of sufficient drug penetration to the site of infection (Juvet et al . ).…”

Section: Treatment Of Leptospirosismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In one case report, leptospires were observed using dark field microscopy in the urine of a dog after 10 days of treatment with penicillin and doxycycline (Juvet et al . ). The kinetics of urinary shedding of leptospires in dogs during treatment, therefore, deserves further study.…”

Section: Zoonotic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

European consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs and cats

Schuller

Francey

Hartmann

et al. 2015

J of Small Animal Practice

Self Cite

227

377

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution affecting most mammalian species. Clinical leptospirosis is common in dogs but appears to be rare in cats. Both dogs and cats, however, can shed leptospires in the urine. This is problematic as it can lead to exposure of humans. The control of leptospirosis, therefore, is important not only from an animal but also from a public health perspective. The aim of this consensus statement is to raise awareness of leptospirosis and to outline the current knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic tools, prevention and treatment measures relevant to canine and feline leptospirosis in Europe.

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“…In einer Studie bei an Leptospirose erkrankten Menschen ließ sich Leptospiren-DNA trotz antibiotischer Therapie im Urin nachweisen (2). Bei einem an Leptospirose erkrankten Hund wurden 10 Tage nach Behandlung mit Penicillin und Doxycyclin mittels Dunkelfeldmikroskopie noch Leptospiren im Urin gefunden (30). Weitere Studien zur Leptospirurie nach Antibiotikatherapie beim Hund sind demnach dringend notwendig, um die Infektionsgefahr für den Menschen besser einschätzen zu können.…”

Section: Literaturunclassified

Epidemiologie und Prophylaxe der Leptospirose beim Hund

Bergmann¹,

Llewellyn²,

Hartmann³

2017

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungDie Leptospirose ist eine Zoonose mit steigender Prävalenz bei Hunden und Menschen in Deutschland. Die verschiedenen Leptospiren-Serovare haben unterschiedliche Pathogenität. Auch gesunde infizierte Hunde scheiden Leptospiren über den Urin aus und stellen somit ein Infektionsrisiko für Menschen und andere Tiere dar. Die Impfung ist die wichtigste Maßnahme zum Schutz; sie verhindert nicht nur die Krankheit beim Hund, sondern vermindert auch die Ausscheidung von Leptospiren über den Urin. Für einen möglichst umfassenden Impfschutz sollten tetravalente Impfstoffe verwendet werden, die Serovare der in der Region relevanten Serogruppen enthalten. Die Verbreitung der Erreger kann durch die weite Anwendung dieser Impfstoffe reduziert werden. Eine ausführliche Besitzeraufklärung über das zoonotische Potenzial der Leptospirose und geeignete Hygienemaßnahmen beim Umgang mit infizierten Hunden und Hundeurin sind essenziell.

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Urinary shedding of spirochaetes in a dog with acute leptospirosis despite treatment

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Hepatic leptospiral infections in dogs without obvious renal involvement

Hepatic leptospiral infections in dogs without obvious renal involvement

European consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs and cats

Epidemiologie und Prophylaxe der Leptospirose beim Hund

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