Urinary Proteome of Newborn Calves—New Potential in Non-Invasive Neonatal Diagnostic

Dratwa-Chałupnik, Alicja; Wojdyła, Katarzyna; Ożgo, M.; Lepczyński, Adam; Michałek, Katarzyna; Herosimczyk, Agnieszka; Rogowska-Wrzesińska, Adelina

doi:10.3390/ani10081257

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The composition of urine is less complex in comparison with plasma or serum, making it more popular to mass spectrometric analysis 3 . Urinary proteome, therefore, can be used as a potential diagnostic tool for the analysis of systemic functions in humans and other species 7 , 12 , 13 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of urinary proteins in donkeys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy cows, 1564 urinary proteins in total are identified and the majority proteins are categorized into cytoplastic, catalytic activity and metabolism 5 . Urinary protein map of neonatal calves has also been studied, and unique proteins associated with kidney development and renal functions are observed 7 . These normal urinary proteomes are the basis for the identification and selection of important biomarkers for defining a health status 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary protein map of neonatal calves has also been studied, and unique proteins associated with kidney development and renal functions are observed 7 . These normal urinary proteomes are the basis for the identification and selection of important biomarkers for defining a health status 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DIA mass spectrometry characterizes urinary proteomics in neonatal and adult donkeys

Feng

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Health monitoring is critical for newborn animals due to their vulnerability to diseases. Urine can be not only a useful and non-invasive tool (free-catch samples) to reflect the physiological status of animals but also to help monitor the progression of diseases. Proteomics involves the study of the whole complement of proteins and peptides, including structure, quantities, functions, variations and interactions. In this study, urinary proteomics of neonatal donkeys were characterized and compared to the profiles of adult donkeys to provide a reference database for healthy neonatal donkeys. The urine samples were collected from male neonatal donkeys on their sixth to tenth days of life (group N) and male adult donkeys aging 4–6 years old (group A). Library-free data-independent acquisition (direct DIA) mass spectrometry-based proteomics were applied to analyze the urinary protein profiles. Total 2179 urinary proteins were identified, and 411 proteins were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) between the two groups. 104 proteins were exclusively expressed in group N including alpha fetoprotein (AFP), peptidase-mitochondrial processing data unit (PMPCB), and upper zone of growth plate and cartilage matrix associated (UCMA), which might be used to monitor the health status of neonatal donkeys. In functional analysis, some differentially expressed proteins were identified related to immune system pathways, which might provide more insight in the immature immunity of neonatal donkeys. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to report donkey urinary proteome and our results might provide reference for urinary biomarker discovery used to monitor and evaluate health status of neonatal donkeys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DIA mass spectrometry characterizes urinary proteomics in neonatal and adult donkeys

Feng

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The advances observed in proteomics makes urine useful in the evaluation of the functional efficiency of not only the excretory system, but also of other organs of the body. Protein maps and expression analysis of individual proteins, which are involved in specific metabolic processes, enable qualitative evaluation of urine and may reveal markers of specific processes [Dratwa-Chałupnik et al 2020].…”

Section: Diagnose Of Proteinuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteinuria – selected issues

Skrzypczak¹

2022

Acta Sci. Pol. Zootech.

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Proteins in the urine of healthy individuals of various species are present in trace, practically immeasurable amounts. Under physiological conditions, the renal glomeruli filter out proteins with a molecular weight below 69 kDa, which are then almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubules. Occasionally, as an effect of low temperature, physical exercise, rapid change of body position, high-protein diet, medications, or at the end of pregnancy and in the postnatal period etc., proteins may be present in the urine of healthy individuals in higher amounts. This condition is referred to as physiological proteinuria. Most often, however, proteinuria is a symptom of a kidney disorder and may lead to further damage, eventually to renal failure. Proteinuria may be a result of: (a) increased penetration of proteins, mainly of low molecular weight, through the normal filtration membrane and the inability to absorb the increased amount of proteins in the proximal tubules – overflow proteinuria, (b) increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier, most often as a result of its damage – glomerular proteinuria, (c) damage to the renal tubules due to failure of reabsorption mechanisms – tubular proteinuria. Excretion of larger amounts of protein in the urine is always indicative of dysfunction of the kidneys and/or of the urinary tract. Having knowledge on the kind of excreted proteins (in terms of weight/size of the molecules) is very useful in medical and veterinary practice, as it enables early identification of the causes of proteinuria and distinguishing its etiology. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the role of uromodulin as a diagnostic marker of an early phase of renal dysfunction, especially of the tubules. The observations on the interaction of the digestive and excretory systems in the regulation of proteonemia in the postnatal period also seem to be important.

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“…It is known that protein in the urine of healthy individuals of different species is present in trace amounts. It can occur in larger quantities in the urine of sick animals, as well as in certain physiological states, e.g., in newborns [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Proteinuria in Calves—A Quantitative Approach

Skrzypczak

Dratwa-Chałupnik

Ożgo

et al. 2021

Animals

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Urine testing is a convenient, non-invasive method of obtaining information about body functions. Depending on the intended purpose, urine testing may be qualitative and/or quantitative. Urine analysis can also include proteins. There are no data in the literature on the occurrence of proteinuria in healthy neonatal calves. The present study was the first that aimed to quantify the hypothesis of proteinuria occurrence in these animals in the first week of life, to assess its intensity and dynamics and to understand the underlying causes of proteinuria in healthy calves. The research was carried out on 15 healthy calves in the first seven days of life. Calves were catheterized to determine minute diuresis. Total protein concentration was determined in blood plasma and urine. Urine proteins were separated by electrophoresis (SDSPAGE) and their concentration and percentage were determined by densitometry using an image archiving and analysis software. The separated proteins were divided into three groups according to molecular weight for albumin, LMW and HMW proteins. The results were standardized per 1 m2 of body surface area and statistically analyzed. Neonatal proteinuria was demonstrated in healthy calves, mainly resulting from the high concentration of LMW proteins in the urine. Their percentages decreased significantly from 84.46% on the first day of calves’ life to 64.02% on day 7. At the same time, a statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of albumin and high molecular weight proteins in urine total protein. Albumin percentage increased from 9.54% (on day 1) to almost 20% (on day 7), while the proportion of HMW proteins increased from 6.68% to 18.13%, respectively. The concentration of total protein in the urine of newborn calves amounted to 14.64 g/L and decreased statistically significantly during the first 72 h of postnatal life, stabilizing at the level of 3–4 g/L. The mean value of total protein excretion in the first week of life was 4.81 mg/min/m2 (i.e., 6.93 g/24 h/m2). The analysis of protein concentration in the urine and its excretion, as well as changes in urinary excretion of the tested protein fractions, indicated that neonatal proteinuria in healthy neonatal calves was tubular (i.e., main reason is the reduced absorption of proteins in nephrons). In addition, research showed that there was a rapid improvement in resorptive mechanisms in tubular cells. It should be assumed that the filtration barrier in the kidneys of these animals after birth is morphologically prepared to retain high molecular weight proteins. It seems that the increased permeability of the filtration barrier in the glomeruli does not necessarily indicate the immaturity of the kidneys, but may indicate the kidneys’ adaptation to excess protein removal from the body during feeding with high-protein food (colostrum), with an open intestinal barrier enabling protein absorption from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood.

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Urinary Proteome of Newborn Calves—New Potential in Non-Invasive Neonatal Diagnostic

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

DIA mass spectrometry characterizes urinary proteomics in neonatal and adult donkeys

DIA mass spectrometry characterizes urinary proteomics in neonatal and adult donkeys

Proteinuria – selected issues

Neonatal Proteinuria in Calves—A Quantitative Approach

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