Urinary Protein and Essential Hypertension in Black and in White People

Abstract

Abstract-The objectives of this work were to examine the association between urinary protein and blood pressure and to compare the pattern of urinary protein excretion with essential hypertension in people of European origin (whites) and in people of African or African-Caribbean origin (blacks) living in southwest London, United Kingdom. In the groups as a whole, there were no significant differences in total urinary protein excretion between blacks and whites (geometric means ). In both groups, those with essential hypertension displayed a significantly raised urinary protein excretion (1.21-fold higher for the blacks and 1.19-fold higher for the whites) and albumin excretion (1.69-fold higher for the blacks and 2.40-fold higher for the whites). Urinary transferrin excretion measured in a subgroup of 67 subjects was also raised in those with essential hypertension (3.22-fold higher in the blacks and 2.76-fold higher in the whites). Examination of urinary proteins by SDS-PAGE did not identify any pattern consistent with a reduction in renal tubular protein reabsorption in those with essential hypertension. These results suggest that the increase in protein excretion in essential hypertension could be due, at least in part, to an increase in glomerular protein ultrafiltration.[

Diagnostic significance of transferrinuria and albumin-specific dipstick testing in primary care patients with elevated office blood pressure

“…29 Only few studies have been carried out on the association of transferrinuria and elevated blood pressure in nondiabetic hypertensive patients and report no 23 or a weak (r ¼ 0.51 for systolic and r ¼ 0.36 for diastolic blood pressure) correlation. 30 Our study confirms these findings, we found a weak (ro0.20) correlation between TCR and OBP or mean 24-h blood pressure. Other factors as dysfunction of intraglomerular haemodynamics or changes in permeability of the glomerular membrane may be more important determinants for the development of transferrinuria.…”

Treatment patterns of hypertension and dyslipidaemia in hypertensive patients at higher and lower risk of cardiovascular disease in primary care in the United Kingdom

“…3,4,[7][8][9][10] In the GPRD, we also found a low prevalence of recording for other cardiovascular risk factors. In UK general practice, screening for the presence of diabetes 33 and proteinuria 34 is not routinely performed. Similarly, echocardiographs are only advocated in patients suspected of heart failure.…”

Salt Consumption. Кidneys as the Target Organ. Рart Iv

“…Эта дисфункция присутствует в патогенезе АГ вне зависимости от уровня АД [34]. Общепринятыми показателями оценки степени почечного органного поражения, вследствие повсед-невного потребления соли, являются показатели кли-ренса креатинина, альбуминурии, в том числе микро-альбуминурии [36,39]. Микроальбуминурия -обще-принятый маркер начального повреждения почечной ткани -предлагается как дешевый тест для скри-нинга сердечно-сосудистых рисков [37].…”

“…Микроальбуминурия -обще-принятый маркер начального повреждения почечной ткани -предлагается как дешевый тест для скри-нинга сердечно-сосудистых рисков [37]. Она корре-лирует с ростом смертности как от ССЗ [36][37][38]43], так и от некардиальных причин [38] даже у здоровых лиц [38,39]. По предложенной в XX веке гипотезе (Stenohypothesis) микроальбуминурия -отражение поражения сосудистого ложа почек и системной эндотелиальной дисфункции [40].…”