Urinary phosphate/creatinine, calcium/creatinine, and magnesium/creatinine ratios in a healthy pediatric population

Matos, Vera; Melle, Guy van; Boulat, Olivier; Markert, Michèle; Bachmann, C.; Guignard, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70162-8

Cited by 245 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…24,25 Urinary calcium was not used as a safety measure because physiologic hypercalciuria occurs normally during pregnancy, 26 and urinary calcium excretion during infancy is widely variable. 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration

Stewart

Scragg

Milne³

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

157

134

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: A serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration of 20 ng/mL meets the requirements of at least 97.5% of the population older than 1 year. A recommended dietary intake to achieve this serum 25(OH)D concentration has not been established during infancy. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in New Zealand. Pregnant mothers, from 27 weeks' gestation to birth, and then their infants, from birth to age 6 months, were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 mother/infant groups: placebo/placebo, vitamin D 3 1000/400 IU, or vitamin D 3 2000/800 IU. Serum 25(OH)D and calcium concentrations were measured at enrollment, 36 weeks' gestation, in cord blood, and in infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.RESULTS: Two-hundred-and-sixty pregnant women were randomized. At enrollment, the proportions with serum 25(OH)D $20 ng/mL for placebo, lower-dose, and higher-dose groups were 54%, 64%, and 55%, respectively. The proportion with 25(OH)D $20 ng/mL was larger in both intervention groups at 36 weeks' gestation (50%, 91%, 89%, P , .001). In comparison with placebo, the proportion of infants with 25(OH)D $20 ng/mL was larger in both intervention groups to age 4 months: cord blood (22%, 72%, 71%, P , .001), 2 months (50%, 82%, 92%, P , .001), and 4 months (66%, 87%, 87%, P = .004), but only in the higher-dose group at age 6 months (74%, 82%, 89%, P = .07; higher dose versus placebo P = .03, lower dose versus placebo P = .21).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration

Stewart

Scragg

Milne³

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

157

134

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“…Additional parameters evaluated included urinary excretion of Ca and Mg. Urinary Ca excretion of Ͼ100 mol/kg per 24 h was considered hypercalciuric for children who were older than 2 yr. The age-dependent upper reference values for Ca/creatinine and Mg/creatinine ratios in spot urine samples in younger children and infants were based on the reference values by Matos et al 39 The control group for PTH levels with respect to GFR consisted of 35 individuals (aged 2.0 to 15.2 yr) with chronic renal failure without tubular disorder. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz formula.…”

Section: Clinical and Laboratory Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

CLDN16 Genotype Predicts Renal Decline in Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis

Konrad¹,

Hou

Weber

et al. 2008

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

115

130

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Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is a rare autosomal recessive tubular disorder caused by CLDN16 mutations. CLDN16 encodes the renal tight junction protein claudin-16, which is important for the paracellular reabsorption of calcium and magnesium in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. That FHHNC is frequently associated with progressive renal failure suggests additional roles for claudin-16 in the maintenance of tight junction integrity. An investigation of 32 patients with FHHNC and 17 different mutations was previously reported; here, the analysis is expanded to 39 additional patients and 12 new mutations. Expression studies revealed that five of the 12 new mutations led to partial loss of claudin-16 function and the remaining seven led to complete loss of function. The 23 patients who had mutations resulting in complete loss of function of both alleles were significantly younger at the onset of symptoms than the 46 patients who had at least one mutant allele providing partial function (2.2 versus 5.6 years; P Ͻ 0.01). In addition, those with complete loss of function had a more rapid decline in GFR (7.3 versus 2.9 ml/min per 1.72 m 2 /y; P Ͻ 0.01), leading to 54% requiring renal replacement therapy by age 15 compared with 20% of those with residual function (P Ͻ 0.05). These data suggest that residual function of claudin-16 may delay the progression of renal failure in FHHNC.

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“…Specifying the UCa/Cr ratio in the definition of hypercalciuria is the preferred method, because it is easy. However, UCa/Cr is affected by factors including age, diet, geographic area, and ethnic origin, and it is recommended that different limit values should be specified according to these factors (4,8,9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children aged above seven months, a uCa/Cr value of ≥0.21 is considered hypercalciuria (4,5,7). However, other studies have considered different UCa/Cr values as limit values (8,9). Urinary calcium excretion varies by age, the amount of calcium in diet, geographic area, and ethnic origin (4,8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other studies have considered different UCa/Cr values as limit values (8,9). Urinary calcium excretion varies by age, the amount of calcium in diet, geographic area, and ethnic origin (4,8,9). Therefore, definitions of hypercalciuria should be made after calcium excretion is specified for different countries and areas considering the 95th percentile values as limit values (5,(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion in school-aged children in the province of Tokat

et al. 2016

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Aim: Hypercalciuria is an important cause of urinary tract symptoms, and also frequently results in urolithiasis. Urinary calcium excretion varies for geographic areas. We aimed to assess percentiles of urinary calcium excretion and prevalence of hypercalciuria for school-aged children in Tokat (city located in inner northern region of Turkey). Material and Methods:One thousand three hundred seventy-five children aged 6 to 18 years were enrolled in the study. Urine samples were obtained randomly. The children's variables as sex, age, length, and weight were recorded. Urinary calcium and creatinine determined from the urine samples and urinary calcium/creatinine ratios (mg/mg) were calculated. Percentiles of urinary calcium/creatinine ratios were also assessed for each age of the children.Results: Six hundred eighty-three of the 1 375 children were girls and 692 were boys. The mean age of the children was 11.68±3.43 years. Some 23.9% of the children were living in rural regions and 76.1% were were living in urban regions. The mean urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0.080±0.24 and the 95th percentile value of the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0.278. The hypercalciuria prevalence for school-aged children was 4.7% when the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio value for hypercalciuria was accepted as ≥0.21. The prevalence of hypercalciuria in rural and urban regions was 7.60% and 3.82%, respectively (p<0.05). Hypercalciuria was present in 7 of 141 patients who were obese (4.96%) and 58 of 1 234 patients who were not obese (4.70%) (p>0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion vary for different geographic areas, not only for countries. The percentiles of urinary calcium excretion should be assesed for every geographic region and the prevalance of hypercalciuria should be determined with these values. There is controversy as to whether obesity is a risk factor for hypercalciuria. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2016; 51: 193-7)

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Urinary phosphate/creatinine, calcium/creatinine, and magnesium/creatinine ratios in a healthy pediatric population

Cited by 245 publications

References 18 publications

Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration

Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration

CLDN16 Genotype Predicts Renal Decline in Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis

Prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion in school-aged children in the province of Tokat

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