Urinary N-Acetyl-Glucosaminidase Excretion and Environmental Lead Exposure

Lin, Jing; Yeh, Kuan‐Hung; Tseng, Hsun-Chih; Chen, Wei-Yu; Lai, Hsien-Hung; Lin, Yu‐Ching

doi:10.1159/000168661

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Those are in agreement with previous investigations done by Lin et al (1993) and Abo El-Magd et al (2015). Interstitial, tubular and glomerular damage are also characteristic renal lesions due to lead acetate toxicity.…”

Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencessupporting

confidence: 94%

Impact of Some Heavy Metals Toxicity on Behaviour, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Adult Rats

Goma¹,

Tohamy²

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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A nimal welfare is an issue not only for veterinary science and animal psychology but also for biochemical, agriculture, zoology and companion animal fields because animal welfare is a socially constructed idea and it is not a permanently fixed idea (Watanabe, 2007). On the other hand, animals are very good indicator of environmental pollution as they inhabit the same space as human and exposed to action of the same pollutants, for that reason it is appropriate and advantageous to evaluate the negative impact of the polluted environment by heavy metals on human health by parallel evaluation of their load on animals (Kozak et al., 2002).Lead is a one of the major heavy metals known to be toxic to mammals. It had many sources as metallic lead present in storage batteries, paints and rubbish dumps in areas near lead industrial establishments and also from the industrial applications especially the addition of vast quantities of research Article Abstract | Animal welfare is a matter of societal concern and debate, its improvement should consider those aspects actually affecting animal's health, through determining their impact on some welfare indicators, so, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of heavy metals toxicity on behavioural, biochemical and histopathological changes in adult rats. Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley adult rats were allotted into five groups, each of 5, two groups (GA & GB) treated with lead acetate (low 1g/l & high 2g/l) and another two (GC & GD) treated with anhydrous aluminium chloride (low 2 g/l & high 3.5 g/l) in drinking water daily for 5 weeks, while, GE (control) received drinking water without any treatment. The findings obtained indicated that feeding time, drinking, cage and total exploration frequencies increased in GB than other groups, although, lying time decreased. However, the movement activities increased in GA than others. On the other hand, glucose level decreased significantly in GB than GD and control. Furthermore, triglycerides and total lipid levels were significantly decreased in all treated groups than control. It was also revealed that the serum ALT increased significantly in GB than other groups while creatinine decreased significantly in both groups (GA & GB) treated with lead acetate than other groups with most decrement in high dose group of lead acetate. However, the urea level decreased and uric acid increased significantly in all treated groups than control. Microscopically, degenerated and necrotic hepatocytes, tubular and glomerulus's necrosis were observed in all toxicated rats beside eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in lining epithelium of some renal tubules of lead toxicated rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that different toxic levels of lead acetate and aluminum chloride can affect animal's welfare by behavioural, biochemical and histopathological alterations in a dose dependent manner. Keywords

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Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencessupporting

confidence: 94%

Impact of Some Heavy Metals Toxicity on Behaviour, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Adult Rats

Goma¹,

Tohamy²

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…Tests for Detection (74,(135)(136)(137)(138)(139)(140). Verschoor et al (59), in a study of lead workers with blood lead levels below 60 pg/dl (2.89 pmol/l), found the excretion of NAG to be the most sensitive marker of renal tubular dysfunction.…”

Section: Lead Nephropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Effects of Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure

Loghman‐Adham¹

1997

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…(8,9) They also showed that long-term, low-level environmental lead exposure may be associated with renal tubular and glomerular damage in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (22) and in residents who had been living near a lead battery factory for more than ten years. (23) The findings of these studies suggest that there may be a positive association between long-term lead exposure (resulting in a high body burden of lead) and impaired kidney function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Do people from Taiwan have higher heavy metal levels than those from Western countries?

Liu¹,

Hung

Huang³

et al. 2017

smedj

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INTRODUCTIONSeveral studies have suggested that blood lead and cadmium levels that are well below the current safety standards are associated with health risks, such as peripheral arterial disease, impaired renal function and elevated blood pressure.(1-3) Menke et al reported that blood lead level was significantly associated with myocardial infarction and stroke mortality, even when it was below 0.48 μmol/L (10 μg/dL).(4) A Taiwanese study by Huang reported that seafood contamination was very common in Taiwan, and that the lead and copper levels of the rivers in Taiwan were the highest in the world.(5) The abstract of a study that investigated the concentration of heavy metals in the hair of 700 residents in Taiwan reported that most of the residents exhibited elevated heavy metal levels.(6) However, this abstract is unpublished and only found on the Internet.(6) To the best of our knowledge, there has been no formal report describing the heavy metal levels of healthy subjects in Taiwan. The two reports (5,6) indicate that the finding of elevated heavy metal levels in Taiwanese people might not be unusual. Therefore, for the present study, we hypothesised that there may be greater levels of four common heavy metals (lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium) in the blood of a Southern Taiwanese population than in Western populations.The most reliable methods for measuring body lead burden are bone X-ray fluorescence studies and calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa 2 EDTA) mobilisation tests. This is because blood lead levels only reflect recent exposure to lead (7) and not the lead burden of the body. According to recent reports, body lead burden can be measured by collecting 72-hour urinary lead excretion after intravenous infusion of 1 g of CaNa 2 EDTA.(8,9) These reports recommend the daily collection of urine for 72 hours in a high-volume container before the urine is sent for lead measurement. If most of the lead (or other heavy metal) can be excreted during the first 24 hours after CaNa 2 EDTA infusion, then the level of heavy metal in the urine during the first 24 hours may be reflective of the body burden of these heavy metals. We hypothesised that the level of heavy metal in the urine collected in the first 24 hours would be positively correlated with the body burden of the heavy metal. Thus, the aim of the present study was twofold. First, we aimed to assess the levels of four common heavy metals (lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium) in the blood of apparently healthy Taiwanese adults and to determine whether these heavy metal levels are greater than those of adults from Western countries. Second, we aimed to test our hypothesis that the level of heavy metal in first-day urine is reflective of the body burden of heavy metals (i.e. most heavy metals are excreted during the first 24 hours). METHODSA total of 40 apparently healthy persons (34 men, six women)

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Urinary N-Acetyl-Glucosaminidase Excretion and Environmental Lead Exposure

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of Some Heavy Metals Toxicity on Behaviour, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Adult Rats

Impact of Some Heavy Metals Toxicity on Behaviour, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Adult Rats

Renal Effects of Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure

Do people from Taiwan have higher heavy metal levels than those from Western countries?

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