Urinary incontinence in hospital patients: prevalence and associated factors

Abstract

Objectives:to analyze the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its associated factors in hospital patients. Method:this is a cross-sectional epidemiological study whose data were collected using the instruments Sociodemographic and Clinical Data, Characteristics of Urinary Leakage and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form. Prevalence was surveyed on a single day for four consecutive months. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Student t-test, Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression (forward stepwise). Results:the final sample consisted of 319 hospital adults (57.1% female), mean age of 47.9 years (SD=21.1). The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 22.9% (28% in women and 16.1% in men) and the associated factors were: female sex (OR=3.89), age (OR=1.03), asthma (OR=3.66), use of laxatives (OR=3.26), use of diaper during the evaluation (OR=2.75), use of diaper at home (OR=10.29), and use of diaper at some point during the hospital stay (OR=6.74). Conclusion:the findings of this study differ from those found in the scarce existing literature on the subject in hospital patients. There is a need for previous studies such as this before proposing the implementation of preventive and therapeutic actions during the hospital stay.

Effects of sociodemographic features and accompanying systemic diseases on urinary incontinence

“…There was no statistically significant difference between UI types. The literature examination showed that many risk factors were found to be associated with UI [5,7,35]. In our study, birth trauma (103 cases; 26.7%), urogynecologic surgery (61 cases; 15.9%), and lumbar disc hernia were the other common comorbid diseases associated with UI.…”

“…In addition, these diseases may cause impairment in detrusor activity [7,10,34]. In our study, diabetes mellitus was detected in 74 patients (19,1%) and neurological diseases (multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease) in 42 patients (10,7%).…”

“…The great difference between these rates is thought to be related to the variation in the definition of the disease and to the approach of the patients [4][5][6]. In some studies, urinary incontinence appears to be associated with age, lower education level, menopause, and multiparity [7][8][9]. Some of the patients with UI were found to have additional diseases such as osteoarthritis, peptic ulcer disease, cardiac disease, obesity, and diabetes mellitus [10][11][12].…”

Construction and validation of an instrument for the structural assessment of wards for urinary continence in older adults

“…Regarding the human resources dimension, points of the studies were considered that revealed the importance of the number of personnel to assist and encourage the hospitalized older adult to use toilets or when restricted to bed, to use urinals or bedpans instead of using geriatric diapers and a permanent bladder catheter. The latter, identified as important risk factors for the onset of UI during hospitalization (4,(7)(8)(16)(17)(18)(19) .…”

“…In addition to the number of staff, a number of studies have also highlighted the deficit in the screening and recognition of the UI problem in the older adult by these professionals, a problem that often goes unnoticed, as it is not the primary condition that led the older adult to hospitalization or the lack of validated instruments and protocols to guide this care practice (7)(8)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) .…”