The most frequent type of UI was mixed UI in our region. Age, BMI, multiparity, and hypertension were identified to have a different importance for each type of UI, but diabetes mellitus, birth trauma, gynecological surgery, lumbar disc hernia (LDH), and multiple sclerosis (MS) were the other important related factors. However, a small number of patients accepted UI as a disease and searched for therapy. This reveals that the public should be informed in detail about female UI in developing countries.
Introduction Urinary tract obstruction is a pathological condition that can occur with the agenesis of the urinary system, the increase in intraluminal pressure, urinary stones, and infection. This can occur in an obstructed ureter, as well as in both ureters, and this may lead to damage to one kidney or both. The most common cause of unilateral ureteral obstruction in adults is kidney and/or ureteral calculi (1). Upper urinary tract obstructions and treatment spectrum are quite wide pathologies. The level and degree of obstruction and whether it is acute or chronic play an important role in determining the treatment to be planned. Due to the fact that the upper urinary tract obstructions may result in organ loss, they have an important role in urology practice. This obstruction leads to renal parenchymal damage if not eliminated (2). The main purpose of treatment is to maintain the functional reserve of the kidney and/or to provide some recovery by eliminating the obstruction. Experimental studies aimed at preventive treatments for renal parenchymal damage that may occur following Background/aim: The aim was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ghrelin, which has antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity, on preventing kidney damage that occurs by induced partial ureteral obstruction in rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight adult male rats were included in the study, and the rats were divided into 4 groups. After the laparotomy operation on the sham group, the ureter was identified in the retroperitoneal area and was duly sutured (n = 7). Ghrelin was administered for seven days intraperitoneally, and after the nephrectomy performed on the 15th day, the rats were sacrificed (n = 7). A partial ureteral obstruction was performed after the laparotomy on the PUO group. The rats were sacrificed after the nephrectomy operation performed on the 15th day (n = 7). A partial ureteral obstruction was formed after the laparotomy followed by seven days of waiting in the PUO + ghrelin group. Ghrelin was given in the dose of 10 ng/kg per day intraperitoneally for the next 7 days, and the rats were sacrificed after the nephrectomy operation performed on the 15th day (n = 7). All groups were evaluated for histological damage and catalase, superoxide dismutase, total glutathione, malondialdehyde, and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in the same tissues. Results: When the 2nd group and the sham group were compared histologically, it was observed that the damage had increased by a statistically significant level in the partial ureteral obstruction group (P = 0.001). When the group which was ghrelin-treated after the partial ureteral obstruction was compared to the group with just partial ureteral obstruction, the histopathological changes were found to decrease significantly in that group (P = 0.001). While the statistical significance of the levels of CAT, GSH, and MPO enzymes was detected among biochemical changes in the 2nd group when compared to the sham group (P < 0.01), the 3rd group showed a statis...
We reported our experience with percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children and compared the outcomes, including the morbidity and success rates, regarding the instruments of different sizes. One hundred and seventy-three paediatric patients, who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy in our clinic between 1999 and 2013, were assessed. According to the size of instruments used during surgery, three different groups were formed and the pre- and postopeartive outcomes were compared between the groups. 76 girls and 97 boys with a mean age of 9.24 (≤ 17) years were assessed. Stone-free rates were 75.6 % in group 1 (n = 82) using 17 F nephroscope, 79.4 % in group 2 (n = 73) using 24 F nephroscope and 72.2 % in group 3 (n = 18) using 26 F nephroscope. Postoperative fever was seen in four, five and one patient in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Urinary infection was seen in one patient in group 1 and four patients in group 2. Mean haematocrit drop and stone burden were significantly lesser in group 1. No significant difference was seen in the duration of nephrostomy and hospitalization between the groups. The success rates obtained in the groups using different instrument types (paediatric or adult) were similar. However, age, weight, height, stone burden and bleeding were significantly lesser in group 1 that used paediatric type of instrument. As the most frequent complication of PNL, bleeding seems to be associated with stone burden, the diameter of dilatation and the calibre of instrument. To decrease the particular complications, paediatric type of instruments are convenient and do not affect the success.
nedeniyle başvuran hastalarda tespit edilen izole böbrek travması tanısı ile takip ve tedavi edilen 182 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikleri, yaralanma şekilleri, ilk tanı anındaki vital bulguları, tedavi metotları ve gelişen komplikasyon verileri toplandı. Böbrek travmasının derecelendirilmesi Amerikan Travma Cerrahi Birliği'nin organ yaralanma şiddeti ölçeğine göre yapıldı. Bulgular: Renal travma tanısı konulan hastaların yaş ortalaması 32,4 yıl (18-68 yıl) idi. Bu hastaların 151'i (%82,9) erkek iken, 31'i (%17,1) kadındı. Yaralanma şekilleri değerlendirildiğinde 55 (%30,2) hastada penetran yaralanma ve 127 (% 69,8) hastada künt yaralanma olduğu görüldü. Böbrek travmalarının Amerikan Travma Cerrahi Birliği organ yaralanması skalasına göre dağılımının Grade 1-2-3-4-5 yaralanmalar için sırasıyla 64, 62, 41, 12 ve 3 olduğu tespit edildi. Hastaların 170' inde konservatif tedavi uygulandı. Hastaların ortalama hastanede kalış süresi 7,08 (4-12) gün olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Böbrek yaralanması olan ve hemodinamisi stabil olan hastaların hepsinde öncelikli olarak konservatif tedavi yaklaşımı denenmelidir.
Objective: We compared the frequency of usage and success of minimally invasive approaches in the management of pediatric urolithiasis in our clinic. Material and methods:Data from pediatric patients (≤16 years of age) who had undergone percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), ureterorenoscopy (URS), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) between January 2001 and December 2011 were retrospectively investigated. Results:In this study, 415 pediatric patients, who were treated for 291 renal, and 124 ureteral stones, were evaluated. The patients were treated with PNL (n=148; 82 boys, 66 girls), URS (n=99; 58 boys, and 41 girls) or ESWL (n=168; 91 boys, and 77 girls). The mean patient ages were 7.3 (1-16), 9.1 (1-16), and 8.8 (1-16) years in the PNL, URS, and ESWL groups, respectively. The stone-free rates after treatment with PNL, URS, and ESWL were 77, 83.8 and 88.7%, respectively. Conclusion:It is important that selected therapies are properly planned, and the use of minimally invasive approaches is important in pediatric patients due to potentially high recurrence rates. Currently, ESWL, PNL and URS are performed with high success rates for the treatment of stones, and open surgery is rarely used due to the success obtained with minimally invasive approaches.
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