The overarching theme of this dissertation is how public transportation impacts the local economy and the wellbeing of society. I concentrate on the wider economic benefits of transportation to provide precise and causal evidence on how large-scale metro projects impact firm location, employment, productivity and women's feeling of safety. I use spatially disaggregate panel microdata to understand the local impact of metro openings. Developing robust identificationThe copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Unless otherwise indicated, its contents are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC).Under this licence, you may copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. You may also create and distribute modified versions of the work. This is on the condition that: you credit the author and do not use it, or any derivative works, for a commercial purpose.When reusing or sharing this work, ensure you make the licence terms clear to others by naming the licence and linking to the licence text. Where a work has been adapted, you should indicate that the work has been changed and describe those changes.