Urban Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Argentina: Spatial Analysis Study

Gil, José Fernando; Nasser, Julio R.; Cajal, Silvana P.; Juárez, Marisa; Acosta, Norma Rebeca; Cimino, Rubén O.; Diosque, Patricio; Krolewiecki, Alejandro

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0113

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Resultados semelhantes corroboram o nosso resultado como, por exemplo, no estudo realizado em Caratinga (Minas Gerais) 12 , onde a transmissão da LTA estava associada a precárias instalações sanitárias e exposição ao lixo (p < 0,001). No Município de Teresina (Piauí), a mesma relação foi identificada, porém, com casos de leishmaniose visceral 24 , cuja incidência urbana estava relacionada ao percentual médio de casas sem água tratada (p < 00,1) e, por fim, no norte da Argentina o aumento da prevalência da doença estava relacionado a bairros com esgotamento sanitário deficiente (p < 0,05) 10 .…”

Section: Figuraunclassified

Ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana: uma análise multivariada dos circuitos espaciais de produção, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007 a 2011

et al. 2018

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O objetivo deste estudo foi explicar a associação dos fatores socioambientais e dos grandes usos da terra com a ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) nos circuitos espaciais de produção, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico do tipo analítico, baseado em dados secundários de casos de LTA dividido por triênio, no período entre 2007 a 2011, cujas unidades de análise foram os municípios pertencentes aos circuitos espaciais. Duas etapas distintas foram realizadas, sendo a elaboração de mapas temáticos com a identificação dos circuitos a primeira, e na segunda etapa um novo indicador casos de LTA por densidade demográfica foi associado com indicadores socioambientais e dos grandes usos da terra submetidos à análise multivariada de componentes principais (ACP). Para o período avaliado, identificou-se três circuitos distribuídos nas mesorregiões Norte de Minas Gerais, Vale do Rio Doce e Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Houve forte associação dos casos de LTA por densidade demográfica com lavoura temporária, pastagem natural, floresta natural, terras inaproveitáveis e população rural, e uma fraca associação com pastagem plantada. A associação de casos com variáveis dos grandes usos da terra em diferentes perfis agropecuários demonstra o caráter ocupacional da LTA, associado principalmente com trabalhadores da zona rural. A associação da doença com as variáveis ambientais e deficiência das condições de saneamento básico também demonstram relevância no perfil de transmissão nos circuitos espaciais de produção em Minas Gerais.

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Section: Figuraunclassified

Ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana: uma análise multivariada dos circuitos espaciais de produção, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007 a 2011

et al. 2018

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“…15,30,31 Ecotones, such as fringe forest, are areas where biological activity and ecological evolutionary processes are concentrated and intensified, and have been proposed to create an edge effect that increases the risk of disease transmission. 32,33 This edge effect, compounded by the reduction of primary forest areas, which results in isolated patches of primary growth (Figure 1), can cause loss of diversity and the potential concentration of reservoirs and vectors in spatially restricted sites. 15,34 Based on this and other evidence suggesting a microfocal transmission pattern of Leishmania sp., 10,25 the most plausible explanation for the event described in this report is that the five hunters were exposed to a zoonotic "hot spot."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The highest incidence and the largest number of reported cases of ATL in Argentina, are found in the Department of Oran, Salta Province, where epidemic outbreaks have also been reported. [3][4][5] To date, the clinical forms of leishmaniasis reported in this region are cutaneous (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and the predominant species isolated from these autochthonous cases has predominantly been Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis; though few cases caused by Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis have also been reported. 6,7 Recently, autochthonous transmission of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum was also reported in Salta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restricted Outbreak of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis with High Microfocal Transmission

Krolewiecki

Gil²,

Quipildor³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Salta, the northwestern province of Argentina. We describe an outbreak involving five recreational hunters whose exposure was limited to several hours in a residual patch of primary forest. All patients presented with typical cutaneous lesions after a mean incubation period of 59 days (range 15-78), and one developed simultaneous mucosal involvement. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesions confirmed Leishmania (V.) braziliensis as the etiologic agent in three cases. All patients were cured with anti-Leishmania treatment. Entomologic surveys in the transmission area revealed a predominance of Lutzomyia neivai. This outbreak report confirms a microfocal transmission pattern of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the Americas and based on a well-determined exposure, allows the determination of incubation times for leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis.

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“…11 For these reasons, if there is a compatible dermatological presentation, the lack of history of traveling to areas of native vegetation should not exclude the diagnosis of ATL.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary exams in the diagnosis of american tegumentary leishmaniasis

Gomes

Paula

Morais

et al. 2014

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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The diagnosis of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis is a difficult but essential task when considering the high toxicity profile of the drugs available. Since the discovery of its etiologic agent, numerous diagnostic tests have been developed. None of the tests available today can be considered as the gold standard, since they do not add enough accuracy for the disease detection. Good epidemiological and clinical knowledge of the disease are fundamental precepts of the dermatology practice and precede the rational use of existing diagnostic tests. In this article we aim, through extensive literature review, to recall fundamental concepts of any diagnostic test. Subsequently, based on this information, we will weave important comments about the characteristics of existing diagnostic tests, including immunological tests such as Montenegro's skin test, serology and detection of parasites by direct examination, culture or histopathology. Finally we will discuss the new technologies and options for the diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. The molecular biology technique is considered a promising tool, promoting the rapid identification of the species involved. We also aim to educate dermatologists about a disease with high morbidity and assist in its difficult recognition.

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Urban Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Argentina: Spatial Analysis Study

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana: uma análise multivariada dos circuitos espaciais de produção, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007 a 2011

Ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana: uma análise multivariada dos circuitos espaciais de produção, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007 a 2011

Restricted Outbreak of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis with High Microfocal Transmission

Complementary exams in the diagnosis of american tegumentary leishmaniasis

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