Urban Restructuring, Displaced Households and Neighbourhood Change: Results from Three Dutch Cities

Posthumus, Hanneke; Bolt, Gideon; Kempen, Ronald van

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4854-5_5

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…This supports most findings of earlier studies into forced relocation in the Netherlands (Bolt and Van Kempen 2010;Doff and Kleinhans 2011;Kleinhans 2003;Posthumus et al 2013a) as well as in the US (Buron 2004;Clampet-Lundquist 2004;Popkin et al 2009). Relocatees in the US found improvement mostly related to the level of economic mix of the neighbourhood; Dutch relocatees also moved to neighbourhoods with slightly less ethnic minorities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Displacement and urban restructuring in Amsterdam; following relocatees after demolition of social housing

Tieskens

Musterd

2013

Urban Research & Practice

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Over the past decade, urban restructuring of segregated neighbourhoods has transformed many urban districts, in the Netherlands and elsewhere; middle class households have entered neighbourhoods which were previously inhabited by lower class. Some argue that this influx of middle-class has happened at the expense of the displaced original population. We investigated this process of (forced) relocation from restructured neighbourhoods. In contrast with earlier studies, individual level data has been provided directly by one of the Amsterdam housing associations involved in this process. This offered the opportunity to analyse population data, not a sample, of all relocatees from four particular urban restructuring projects in Amsterdam. We investigated location preferences before relocation as well as actual residential location behaviour per household and relocatee type, and compared characteristics of their old and new dwellings and neighbourhoods. One of the findings is that forced relocation often parallels preferences expressed by the displaced.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Displacement and urban restructuring in Amsterdam; following relocatees after demolition of social housing

Tieskens

Musterd

2013

Urban Research & Practice

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“…As the majority of studies covered in this review have originated from the US and the UK, sources of data from these countries are the focus here, although the issues raised may be generalisable to other national contexts (e.g. see Bernt and Holm, 2009; Posthumus et al, 2012). The key statistical sources of data are briefly outlined below, noting their advantages and disadvantages for measuring displacement.…”

Section: The Problems Of Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and mapping displacement: The problem of quantification in the battle against gentrification

et al. 2019

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Debates concerning residential population displacement in the context of gentrification remain vociferous, but are hampered by a lack of empirical evidence of the extent of the displacement occurring. The lack of quantitative evidence on gentrification-induced displacement and the difficulties in collecting it has long hampered the fight against it. Based on a systematic review of quantitative studies of the displacement associated with gentrification, this article considers how researchers have attempted to measure displacement using a range of statistical and mapping techniques reflecting the multi-dimensional character of gentrification. We note that these techniques often struggle to provide meaningful estimates of the number of individuals and households displaced by gentrification, something compounded by the lack of data available on a sufficiently granular temporal and spatial scale. Noting the limitations of extant methods, we conclude by considering the potential of more novel data sources and emergent methods involving the processing of larger amounts of (micro)data, as well as participatory GIS methods that involve affected communities themselves. This implies that whilst the quantitative study of displacement remains difficult, patterns and processes of displacement can be inferred through existing data sources, as well as data generated from those who themselves have experienced displacement.

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“…While some studies have found small positive effects in terms of selective migration as a result of restructuring (Bailey and Livingston, 2008; Jivraj, 2008; Permentier et al, 2013; Wittebrood and Van Dijk, 2007), others have found that selective migration can lead to increasing concentrations of poverty in restructured neighbourhoods (cf. Andersson and Bråmå, 2004; Jivraj, 2008) or elsewhere (Andersson, 2006; Andersson et al, 2010; Posthumus et al, 2013).…”

Section: Physical Restructuring and Selective Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could lead to a (temporary) in-flow of higher income groups in the newly constructed part of the neighbourhood; however, this might not be enough to stimulate the upgrading of the entire neighbourhood. At the same time, many residents from demolished dwellings have moved within the restructured neighbourhood, thereby impeding neighbourhood change (Kleinhans and Van Ham, 2013; Kleinhans and Varady, 2011; Posthumus et al, 2013). When a large proportion of the low-income residents moves within the restructured neighbourhood, a greater share of middle- and higher-income groups moving into the restructured neighbourhood is needed to generate neighbourhood change.…”

Section: Physical Restructuring and Selective Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, several researchers have been concerned with processes of displacement. As the share of affordable housing is reduced in restructured neighbourhoods low-income households are forced to find affordable housing elsewhere (Atkinson, 2002; Posthumus et al, 2013). This process of displacement might lead to increasing concentrations of poverty in other (nearby) deprived neighbourhoods (Bolt and Van Kempen, 2010; Posthumus et al, 2013).…”

Section: Physical Restructuring and Selective Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of physical restructuring on the socioeconomic status of neighbourhoods: Selective migration and upgrading

2018

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In the last few decades, many governments have implemented urban restructuring programmes with the main goal of combating a variety of socioeconomic problems in deprived neighbourhoods. The main instrument of restructuring has been housing diversification and tenure mixing. The demolition of low-quality (social) housing and the construction of owner-occupied or private rented dwellings was expected to change the population composition of deprived neighbourhoods through the in-migration of middle-and high-income households. Many studies have been critical with regard to the success of such policies in actually upgrading neighbourhoods. Using data from the 31 largest Dutch cities for the 1999 to 2013 period, this study contributes to the literature by investigating the effects of large-scale demolition and new construction on neighbourhood income developments on a low spatial scale. We use propensity score matching to isolate the direct effects of policy by comparing restructured neighbourhoods with a set of control neighbourhoods with low demolition rates, but with similar socioeconomic characteristics. The results indicate that large-scale demolition leads to socioeconomic upgrading of deprived neighbourhoods as a result of attracting and maintaining middle-and high-income households. We find no evidence of spillover effects to nearby neighbourhoods, suggesting that physical restructuring only has very local effects.

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Urban Restructuring, Displaced Households and Neighbourhood Change: Results from Three Dutch Cities

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Displacement and urban restructuring in Amsterdam; following relocatees after demolition of social housing

Displacement and urban restructuring in Amsterdam; following relocatees after demolition of social housing

Measuring and mapping displacement: The problem of quantification in the battle against gentrification

The effects of physical restructuring on the socioeconomic status of neighbourhoods: Selective migration and upgrading

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