Urban pluvial flooding and stormwater management: A contemporary review of China’s challenges and “sponge cities” strategy

Jiang, Yong; Zevenbergen, Chris; Ma, Yongfeng

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2017.11.016

Cited by 311 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Instead, we envision that synthetic mangrove devices could be integrated into urban infrastructure for passive stormwater management. For example, buildings could be modeled as de facto synthetic mangrove devices to decrease flooding dam-age, as part of the "sponge city" concept (47). In this scenario, the buildings themselves would soak up excess groundwater and evaporate the water from their walls and roofs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove

et al. 2020

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According to the cohesion-tension theory, mangrove trees desalinate salty water using highly negative pressure (or tension) that is generated by evaporative capillary forces in mangrove leaves. Here, we demonstrate a synthetic mangrove that mimics the main features of the natural mangrove: capillary pumping (leaves), stable water conduction in highly metastable states (stem), and membrane desalination (root). When using nanoporous membranes as leaves, the maximum osmotic pressures of saline feeds (10 to 30 bar) allowing pure water uptake precisely correspond to expected capillary pressures based on the Young-Laplace equation. Hydrogel-based leaves allow for stable operation and desalination of hypersaline solutions with osmotic pressures approaching 400 bar, fivefold greater than the pressure limits of conventional reverse osmosis. Our findings support the applicability of the cohesiontension theory to desalination in mangroves, provide a new platform to study plant hydraulics, and create possibilities for engineered membrane separations using large, passively generated capillary pressures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove

et al. 2020

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“…As new developments continue, roads and buildings built in flood prone areas are facing increasingly more water hazards, including floods and erosion. In addition, in recent years, urban flooding (which has been considered to occur only in a few major cities in history [9][10][11]) has become increasingly more serious and common in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Integrated Scheme for Urban Road Traffic Flood Control Using Liquid Air Spray/Vaporization Technology

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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With the rapid progress of urbanization, cities’ demands for traffic flood control are steadily on the increase, and people are gradually paying more attention to traffic safety and environmental issues. Considering the considerable convenience and service ability of liquid air and corresponding products, people have begun to switch to using liquid air as an emergency coolant. However, this air’s cryogenic operation and vigorous vaporization expansion restricts its widespread application. Our study explores innovative applications based on liquid air spray/evaporation icing and natural melting, which can be applied to urban flood protection. This study also includes a brief introduction to the nature of liquid air and road icing, a conceptual design based on liquid air flash evaporation (for urban flood protection), and the modeling and solving of natural road ice melting. This paper introduces many innovative key technologies, which include the rapid solidification of floods to form emergency ice dams or diversion channels and the application of liquid air spray to form icy roads for the temporary passage of small cars or pickup trucks. Additionally, the economic estimations are performed by using downtown traffic flood control in Wuhan as an example to showcase our innovative scheme for applying liquid air spray/vaporization for urban traffic flooding control, which is practical, pollution free, and cost effective. Our innovative scheme will be promising for flood control in modern cities.

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“…Pluvial flash flood events are usually characterized by a very fast evolution in a short time, mostly less than 6 h [9], allowing little warning and response time. Indeed, pluvial flooding appear to be increasing owing to rapid urbanization and climatic change [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and it is attracting more public concern and media coverage. This can be evidenced by the most recent pluvial flood events in mega cities globally, such as Beijing (July 2012), London (June 2016) and Houston (August 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai

Yin

Jing

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Schools and students are particularly vulnerable to natural hazards, especially pluvial flooding in cities. This paper presents a scenario-based study that assesses the school vulnerability of emergency services (i.e., Emergency Medical Service and Fire & Rescue Service) to urban pluvial flooding in the city center of Shanghai, China through the combination of flood hazard analysis and GIS-based accessibility mapping. Emergency coverages and response times in various traffic conditions are quantified to generate school vulnerability under normal no-flood and 100-y pluvial flood scenarios. The findings indicate that severe pluvial flooding could lead to proportionate and linear impacts on emergency response provision to schools in the city. Only 11% of all the schools is predicted to be completely unreachable (very high vulnerability) during flood emergency but the majority of the schools would experience significant delay in the travel times of emergency responses. In this case, appropriate adaptations need to be particularly targeted for specific hot-spot areas (e.g., new urbanized zones) and crunch times (e.g., rush hours).

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Urban pluvial flooding and stormwater management: A contemporary review of China’s challenges and “sponge cities” strategy

Cited by 311 publications

References 87 publications

Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove

Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove

A New Integrated Scheme for Urban Road Traffic Flood Control Using Liquid Air Spray/Vaporization Technology

A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai

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