Urban Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis

Bauer, Marcus; Moebus, Susanne; Möhlenkamp, Stefan; Dragano, Nico; Nonnemacher, Michael; Fuchsluger, Miriam; Keßler, Christoph; Jakobs, Hermann; Memmesheimer, M.; Erbel, Raimund; Jöckel, Karl‐Heinz; Hoffmann, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.04.065

Cited by 161 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…The results of the ESCAPE and HNR studies show linear exposure-effect relationships (20,21,29,31). Also, the associatons between particulate matter and the health sequelae listed above also occur beneath the currently valid European thresholds for particulate matter concentrations (20,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…By contrast, the effect estimate decreases slightly when evaluating coronary events. Further results from the HNR study indicate a correlation between long-term concentrations of particulate matter at the home and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in serum (28,29), arterial blood pressure (30), and the degree and progression of intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (a measure for subclinical atherosclerosis) (31,32). In addition, proximity to busy streets was associated with the degree of coronary artery calcification as measured with electron beam computed tomography (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Quality, Stroke, and Coronary Events

Hoffmann

Weinmayr²,

Hennig³

et al. 2015

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

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SUMMARYBackground: Studies have shown that air pollution is associated with cardiopulmonary mortality, but there has been less research of the possible effect of air pollution on stroke and non-fatal coronary events. The Heinz Nixdorf Recall (HNR) study addressed the question of the effect of long-term air pollution on stroke and coronary events. Ambient acoustic noise was also considered as a risk factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Quality, Stroke, and Coronary Events

Hoffmann

Weinmayr²,

Hennig³

et al. 2015

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

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“…58,59 Future studies with selective CB2 agonism alone, or in combination with CB1 antagonism, may provide answers for this interesting paradox.…”

Section: Marijuana Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids and Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease

Singla

Sachdeva

Mehta

2012

Clinical Cardiology

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Marijuana is the most abused recreational drug in the United States. Cannabinoids, the active ingredients of marijuana, affect multiple organ systems in the human body. The pharmacologic effects of marijuana, based on stimulation of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, which are widely distributed in the cardiovascular system, have been well described. Activation of these receptors modulates the function of various cellular elements of the vessel wall, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Clinically, there are reports linking marijuana smoking to the precipitation of angina and acute coronary syndromes. Recently, large published clinical trials with CB1 antagonist rimonabant did not show any significant benefit of this agent in preventing progression of atherosclerosis. In light of these findings and emerging data on multiple pathways linking cannabinoids to atherosclerosis, we discuss the literature on the role of cannabinoids in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. We also propose a marijuana paradox, which implies that inhalation of marijuana may be linked to precipitation of acute coronary syndromes, but modulation of the endocannabinoid system by a noninhalation route may have a salutary effect on the development of atherosclerosis.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.

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“…Long-term exposure has also been associated with preclinical markers of atherosclerosis (Künzli et al, 2005) and with progression (Künzli et al, 2010) of this pathology of high relevance to cardiovascular diseases. A series of studies from the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study has confirmed associations between various markers of atherosclerosis, including intima media thickness and coronary artery calcification, and the long-term average PM 2.5 concentration and proximity to traffic in Europe (Bauer et al, 2010;Hoffmann et al, 2006Hoffmann et al, , 2007. In a Belgian study, pulse pressure was associated with ambient PM 2.5 levels among the elderly (Jacobs et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 95%

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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This document presents answers to 24 questions relevant to reviewing European policies on air pollution and to addressing health aspects of these policies. The answers were developed by a large group of scientists engaged in the WHO project "Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution -REVIHAAP". The experts reviewed and discussed the newly accumulated scientific evidence on the adverse effects on health of air pollution, formulating science-based answers to the 24 questions. Extensive rationales for the answers, including the list of key references, are provided. The review concludes that a considerable amount of new scientific information on the adverse effects on health of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, observed at levels commonly present in Europe, has been published in recent years. This new evidence supports the scientific conclusions of the WHO air quality guidelines, last updated in 2005, and indicates that the effects in some cases occur at air pollution concentrations lower than those serving to establish these guidelines. It also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the burden of disease associated with air pollution in Europe.This publication arises from the project REVIHAAP and has been co-funded by the European Union. Keywords AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION -ADVERSE EFFECTS ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE GUIDELINES HEALTH POLICYAddress requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2013All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. ...

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Urban Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis

Abstract: Our study shows a clear association of long-term exposure to PM(2.5) with atherosclerosis. This finding strengthens the hypothesized role of PM(2.5) as a risk factor for atherogenesis.

Cited by 161 publications

References 18 publications

Air Quality, Stroke, and Coronary Events

Air Quality, Stroke, and Coronary Events

Cannabinoids and Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

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