Urban domestic dog populations as a source of canine distemper virus for wild carnivores in the Coquimbo region of Chile

Acosta‐Jamett, Gerardo; Chalmers, W. S. K.; Cunningham, A. A.; Cleaveland, Sarah; Handel, Ian; Bronsvoort, Barend M. deC.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.008

Cited by 97 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Serological evidence of CDV infection or fatal CDV infection have been observed in various Pseudalopex sp. [61], Pampas gray foxes ( Lycalopex gymnocercus ) [62], and hoary foxes ( Lycalopex vetulus ) [63].…”

Section: Distemper In Carnivore Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-species transmission of canine distemper virus—an update

Beineke¹,

Baumgärtner²,

Wohlsein³

2015

One Health

190

153

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Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a pantropic morbillivirus with a worldwide distribution, which causes fatal disease in dogs. Affected animals develop dyspnea, diarrhea, neurological signs and profound immunosuppression. Systemic CDV infection, resembling distemper in domestic dogs, can be found also in wild canids (e.g. wolves, foxes), procyonids (e.g. raccoons, kinkajous), ailurids (e.g. red pandas), ursids (e.g. black bears, giant pandas), mustelids (e.g. ferrets, minks), viverrids (e.g. civets, genets), hyaenids (e.g. spotted hyenas), and large felids (e.g. lions, tigers). Furthermore, besides infection with the closely related phocine distemper virus, seals can become infected by CDV. In some CDV outbreaks including the mass mortalities among Baikal and Caspian seals and large felids in the Serengeti Park, terrestrial carnivores including dogs and wolves have been suspected as vectors for the infectious agent. In addition, lethal infections have been described in non-carnivore species such as peccaries and non-human primates demonstrating the remarkable ability of the pathogen to cross species barriers. Mutations affecting the CDV H protein required for virus attachment to host-cell receptors are associated with virulence and disease emergence in novel host species. The broad and expanding host range of CDV and its maintenance within wildlife reservoir hosts considerably hampers disease eradication.

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Section: Distemper In Carnivore Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-species transmission of canine distemper virus—an update

Beineke¹,

Baumgärtner²,

Wohlsein³

2015

One Health

190

153

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are about 360 pathogens that may infect dogs, many of them are zoonotic (Cleaveland et al, 2001), and almost half of the agents are shared with wildlife (Knobel et al, 2014). Moreover, dogs are frequently blamed for the maintenance and transmission of conservation-concern diseases to wild carnivores (Cleaveland et al, 2000;Acosta-Jamett et al, 2011;Woodroffe et al, 2012). Finally, because of their ubiquity, behavior and competency as hosts, dogs have been opportunely used as sentinels of infections for humans and wildlife around the world (Cleaveland et al, 2006;Salb et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for gastrointestinal parasite infections of dogs living around protected areas of the Atlantic Forest: implications for human and wildlife health

et al. 2016

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Despite the ubiquity of domestic dogs, their role as zoonotic reservoirs and the large number of studies concerning parasites in urban dogs, rural areas in Brazil, especially those at the wildlife-domestic animal-human interface, have received little attention from scientists and public health managers. This paper reports a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of gastrointestinal parasites of rural dogs living in farms around Atlantic Forest fragments. Through standard parasitological methods (flotation and sedimentation), 13 parasite taxa (11 helminths and two protozoans) were found in feces samples from dogs. The most prevalent were the nematode Ancylostoma (47%) followed by Toxocara (18%) and Trichuris (8%). Other less prevalent (<2%) parasites found were Capillaria, Ascaridia, Spirocerca, Taeniidae, Acantocephala, Ascaris, Dipylidium caninum, Toxascaris, and the protozoans Cystoisospora and Eimeria. Mixed infections were found in 36% of samples, mostly by Ancylostoma and Toxocara. Previous deworming had no association with infections, meaning that this preventive measure is being incorrectly performed by owners. Regarding risk factors, dogs younger than one year were more likely to be infected with Toxocara, and purebred dogs with Trichuris. The number of cats in the households was positively associated with Trichuris infection, while male dogs and low body scores were associated with mixed infections. The lack of associations with dog free-ranging behavior and access to forest or villages indicates that infections are mostly acquired around the households. The results highlight the risk of zoonotic and wildlife parasite infections from dogs and the need for monitoring and controlling parasites of domestic animals in human-wildlife interface areas.Keywords: Canis familiaris, endoparasites, human-wildlife interface, zoonosis, protected areas.Fatores de risco para infecções parasitárias gastrointestinais em cães do entorno de áreas protegidas da Mata Atlântica: implicações para a saúde humana e da vida selvagem ResumoApesar da ubiquidade dos cães domésticos, de seu papel como reservatório de doenças, e do grande número de estudos sobre parasitas de cães urbanos, as áreas rurais no Brasil, especialmente aquelas na interface entre animais silvestres -animais domésticos -humanos, tem recebido pouca atenção de cientistas e gestores de saúde pública. Este artigo relata um estudo epidemiológico seccional de parasitas gastrointestinais de cães rurais em propriedades no entorno de fragmentos de Mata Atlântica. Através de métodos parasitológicos como flutuação e sedimentação, 13 táxons de parasitas (11 helmintos e dois protozoários) foram encontrados em amostras de fezes dos cães. O mais prevalente foi o nematóide Ancylostoma (47%), seguido por Toxocara (18%) e Trichuris (8%). Outros parasitas menos prevalentesBraz.

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“…Although some seroepidemiological surveys have not detected CDV among wild canids (Courtenay et al 2001;Curi et al 2010), Megid et al (2009) report naturally occurring instances of infection in hoary foxes and crab-eating foxes in the south of Brazil. Fatalities have been recorded in both species (Ferreyra et al 2009;Megid et al 2010), as well as in Pampas foxes (Giannitti et al 2012) and grey foxes and culpeos (Acosta-Jarnett et al 2011). Maned wolves and bush dogs, on the other hand, appear to be immune in the wild, although serological evidence of exposure to CDV exists for the former species (Curi et al 2012; and distemper has been induced in them experimentally (McInnes et al 1992;Thomas-Baker 1985).…”

Section: Canine Distempermentioning

confidence: 99%