Urban biomass and methods of estimating municipal biomass resources

Li, Yuehua; Zhou, Lei; Wang, R.Z.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.214

Cited by 73 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In early days, different biomass such as leaves, wood, and excrement have been used as energy resource in daily life. Despite the overriding of biomass by fossil fuels in both urban and rural regions since the industrial revolution, biomass is slowly becoming reaccepted as an energy supply at the industrial scale [29]. Research and development is being carried out for various technologies of producing biomass energy [30,31].…”

Section: Energy Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

et al. 2018

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Pakistan is experiencing an undersupply of electricity, causing load shedding several hours per day due to the adherence to conventional energy resources having quantitative and environmental limitations. Fossil fuels generate more than half of the country’s total electricity, but they will ultimately run out due to their limited supply. Their combustion emits greenhouse gases, posing environmental threats. Since the world is tending toward efficient and sustainable alternative methods for harvesting energy from nature, Pakistan has also been investigating an elevated deployment of renewable energy projects. This paper presents a critical analysis of the present energy sector of Pakistan along with global scenarios. Pakistan relies on mainly thermal, hydro, and nuclear energy for power generation. National solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass resources have not been extensively explored and implemented. This paper provides an insight into the potential of these resources in Pakistan to generate electricity for the national grid on a large scale. It focuses on biomass energy, which can be harnessed from bagasse, poultry waste, and municipal waste for power production, and biomass-based fuel for industries and transportation. It concludes that biomass is the most sustainable, available, implementable, and environment-friendly resource that can be utilized to lessen the energy demand and supply gap in Pakistan.

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Section: Energy Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

et al. 2018

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“…Due to the complexity in defining a generic biomass composition [42], most of the previous studies of biomass processing are focused in reaching efficient process for a specific biomass (mainly woods from fruit trees) [19,43,44]. The present study takes into account a broad range of biomass compositions, which represents from urban wastes until agrarian biomass (trees) [45][46][47][48][49]. (Table 1).…”

Section: Biomass Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid fuels from biomass: An energy self-sustained process integrating H2 recovery and liquid refining

Catalán-Martínez

Dómine

Serra

2018

Fuel

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In the last years the research activities on biomass valorisation (mainly residues from urban and agricultural activities) have been intensified. Biomass is an abundant resource for energy generation and its extensive utilization may make possible to fulfil the goals determined by the national and international regulations about renewable sources and greenhouse gas emissions. In this work, simulations are carried out using ASPEN PLUS for an integrated process to produce liquid fuels from biomass in a self-sustainable energetic regime (thermal and electric) and several process factors have been considered. The process initially combines a primary pyrolysis reactor associated to a (char + gases) gasification unit in order to optimize the biomass use, followed by downstream processes to enhance the quality of final liquid fuel. The factors studied were the composition of the biomass, the primary (or pyrolytic) liquid yield, the composition of the liquid fuel, as well as the amount of the oxidant and steam used in the primary char-gasifier reactor. The use of a simplified model for liquid fuel composition let us to stablish a range of operational conditions in which both thermal and electric balance of the process are favourable. In this sense, the maximum extraction of liquid fuel was found around 20-25% by working at 10-25% of O2 (as pure oxygen or air) and 15-45% of steam in the gasifier and fulfilling self-sustainable process condition, while biomass should possess C/O weight ratios ≥ 1.

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“…An additional interesting theme related to the maintenance of urban trees is the utilization of the residual biomass, a potentially large and underutilized resource that could exploited at local level for wood products and bio-based fuels for power and heat generation, after the volume has been reduced by chipping [21][22][23][24][25][26]. It is also worth noticing that the possibility to reutilize the residuals allows the tree owner to save the disposal charge usually payed (around 80 € Mg -1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical and Economic Aspects of Stone Pine (Pinus pinea L.) Maintenance in Urban Environments

Biocca¹,

Gallo²,

Sperandio³

2021

Preprint

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The Italian Stone Pine (Pinus pinea L.) is one of the most employed ornamental trees in towns with Mediterranean climates. For example, in the city of Rome, Pinus is the most common genus, with more than 51,000 trees. This study investigates technical and economic features of maintenance operations of Stone Pines and evaluates the productivity and costs of the observed yards. Pruning and felling are the most frequent management operations of trees in towns and this study analyzes the features of these operations carried out in 14 work sites. The operations were carried out either with aerial platforms (19 trees) or ascending the crown by tree-climbing (6 trees). The operations were sampled with time studies (12 trees for pruning and 13 for felling). Work time was measured from the beginning of operations to the transport of the residual biomass to the collection and loading point, using centesimal stopwatches and video recording. The total residual biomass was weighed or assessed. Total observation time amounted to 63.1 hours. The evaluation of the costs of each work site considered the fixed and the variable costs and the costs for the labor force. A Multiple Linear Regression model (statistics: determination coefficient R2: 0.74, adjusted R2: 0.67, p-value < 0.001) which utilizes four regressors easily evaluable before the work, was adopted to predict the gross time of the operations. This paper can contribute to optimize trees maintenance methods in urban sites and to assess the potential residual wood biomass attainable from urban forestry maintenance in the city of Rome.

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Urban biomass and methods of estimating municipal biomass resources

Cited by 73 publications

References 80 publications

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

Liquid fuels from biomass: An energy self-sustained process integrating H2 recovery and liquid refining

Technical and Economic Aspects of Stone Pine (Pinus pinea L.) Maintenance in Urban Environments

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