Urban and tourist land use patterns and water consumption: Evidence from Mallorca, Balearic Islands

Hof, Angela; Schmitt, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.01.007

Cited by 114 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The Balearic Islands rank among the top touristic destinations in Europe (Hof and Schmitt 2011). The tourism industry is the main economic sector in the region and has led to intensive urbanization during the last century (Pons et al 2014), particularly in the coastal zone (Murray et al 2008).…”

Section: Description Of Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of environmental factors (wave exposure and depth) and anthropogenic pressure in the C sink capacity of Posidonia oceanica meadows

Mazarrasa

Marbà

García-Orellana

et al. 2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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Seagrass are among the most important natural carbon sinks on Earth with Posidonia oceanica (Mediterranean Sea) considered as the most relevant species. Yet, the number of direct measurements of organic carbon burial rates in P. oceanica is still scarce and the effect of local environmental factors remains largely unexplored. In addition, P. oceanica meadows are declining due to the increase in anthropogenic pressure in coastal areas during the last century. The aim of this study is to assess the recent carbon sink capacity of P. oceanica and particularly the effect of human pressure and two environmental factors, water depth and exposure to wave energy (based on a fetch index), on the carbon burial rate since 1900. We conducted an extensive survey of sediment cores in meadows distributed across a gradient of depth, fetch, and human pressure around The Balearic Islands. Sediment and carbon accumulation rates were obtained from 210 Pb concentrations profiles. Top-30 centimeters carbon stocks (6.1 6 1.4 kg C m 22 ) and burial rates (26 6 6 g C m 22 yr 1 ) varied up to fivefold across meadows. No significant effect of water depth in carbon burial rates was observed. Although fetch was significantly correlated with sediment mean grain size, confirming the effect of wave exposure in the patterns of sedimentation, fetch alone could not explain the differences in carbon burial rates among the meadows examined. Human pressure affected carbon burial rates, leading to increased rates since the onset of the rise in anthropogenic pressure, particularly so in sheltered meadows supporting high human pressure.

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Section: Description Of Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of environmental factors (wave exposure and depth) and anthropogenic pressure in the C sink capacity of Posidonia oceanica meadows

Mazarrasa

Marbà

García-Orellana

et al. 2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…In the last decade there has been much talk of upgrading or diversifying tourism in the Mediterranean (Bramwell, 2004;Rico-Amoros, Olcina-Cantos, & Sauri, 2009), an area traditionally associated with 'sun and sand' mass tourism, with the purpose of maximising tourism revenue. Recent studies suggest that the luxury end of the tourism market uses considerably more water, mainly as a result of its reliance on water-intensive facilities (Hof & Schmitt, 2011;Rico-Amoros et al, 2009;Tortella & Tirado, 2011). However, these studies consider only direct water use and do not include any economic impact estimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive framework for comparing water use intensity across different tourist types

Hadjikakou

Miller

Chenoweth

et al. 2015

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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Tourism products vary in their direct and indirect (supply chain) water use, as well as their economic contribution. Hence, water-scarce destinations require a method to estimate and compare water use intensity (water use in relation to economic output) for different kinds of tourist products in order to optimise their tourism offering. The present study develops an original framework that integrates segmentation with an Environmentally Extended InputOutput (EEIO) framework based on detailed tourism expenditure data and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSAs) in order to quantify the total (direct and indirect) economic impact and water use for multiple tourism segments. To demonstrate the rigour of the methodology it is applied to the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus as a case study. The results show that cheaper forms of tourism tend to have a significantly lower total water use and, depending on the economic impact indicator of interest, may have above-average economic contribution per unit of expenditure. The proposed framework provides a significant step towards achieving sustainable water use through destination-specific estimates of water use intensity which take into consideration segment-specific attributes. It is envisaged that this could eventually lead to customised interventions for diverse tourism market segments.

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“…Since the prevalent type of tourism on Cres and Lošinj is mass swimming tourism with a low number of swimming pools and wellness centres, water consumption during the tourist season is moderate. For comparison, water consumption per tourist on the island of Mallorca (Spain), in apartment resort housing, according to the research of Hof and Schmitt (2011), is 270 litres per day. This means that the water consumption in similar accommodation is comparable at both locations (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Studied Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The local blue water footprint of tourism on the islands of Cres and Lošinj

Grofelnik

2017

Hrv. geogr. glas.

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Rad prikazuje određivanje lokalnoga plavog vodnog otiska na otocima Cresu i Lošinju (Sjeverni Jadran, Republika Hrvatska). U radu je u obliku studije slučaja izdvojeno opterećenje okoliša crpljenjem vode iz Vranskog jezera za potrebe stanovništva i gospodarstva prisutnog na cresko-lošinjskom otočju. Hipoteza na kojoj se zasniva rad tvrdi kako je lokalni plavi vodni otisak dominantno pod utjecajem turizma i pokazuje godišnje oscilacije usko povezane s brojem turista i ne rezidenata na otocima. U opterećenju okoliša izdvojeni su lokalni plavi vodni otisci rezidentnoga stanovništva kao i otisak nerezidenata i turista na otocima. Za provjeru i usporedbu rezultati za otoke Cres i Lošinj stavljeni su u odnos sa sličnim turističkim regijama na području Hrvatske (Crikvenica) i Španjolske (Mallorca). Rad na teorijskoj razini aktualizira izdvajanje parcijalnih turističkih otisaka, dok na praktičnoj razini donosi izračun lokalnoga plavog vodnog otisaka kao podloge za kreiranje održivih razvojnih strategija i prostornih planova utemeljenih na stvarnim utjecajima ljudskoga djelovanja na okoliš.Ključne riječi: plavi vodni otisak, vodoopskrba, turizam, Cres, Lošinj, Crikvenica, Mallorca The paper presents the local blue water footprint of tourism on the islands of Cres and Lošinj (Northern Adriatic, Croatia). The paper contains a case study of the specific environmental impact caused by exploitation of Lake Vrana to satisfy the needs of the population and economies of Cres and Lošinj. The hypothesis this paper is based on maintains that the local blue water footprint has predominantly been caused by tourism and that it has demonstrates annual fluctuations, closely linked to the number of tourists and non-residents present on the islands in question. The blue water footprints of residents, non-residents, and tourists were examined separately in the course of studying the environmental burden. To verify and compare the results for Cres and Lošinj, they were viewed in relation to similar tourist regions in Croatia (Crikvenica) and Spain (Mallorca). The paper is theoretically focused on singling out partial tourism footprints, while its practical aspect is visible in the calculation of the local blue water footprint, as the foundation for creating sustainable development strategies and spatial plans based on the real impact of human actions on the environment. UvodOtoci Cres i Lošinj (Sjeverni Jadran, Republika Hrvatska) dio su sjevernojadranskoga otočja te čine funkcionalnu cjelinu, antropogenim kanalom fizički podijeljenu na dva otoka. Opće razvojno stanje na području otoka Cresa i Lošinja je ispod resursnih mogućnosti koje nudi otočni prostor, što je prvenstveno uzrokovano nepovoljnim prometnim položajem otoka te dugotrajnim emigracijskim obilježjima prostora (Grofelnik, 2011). U gospodarstvu dominiraju uslužne djelatnosti, a kao nositelj razvoja izdvaja se turizam zbog kojega su vrlo izražene godišnje oscilacije gospodarskih aktivnosti na otocima. Tijekom zimskoga dijela godine sve komercijalne djelatnosti pa tako i turizam g...

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Urban and tourist land use patterns and water consumption: Evidence from Mallorca, Balearic Islands

Cited by 114 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of environmental factors (wave exposure and depth) and anthropogenic pressure in the C sink capacity of Posidonia oceanica meadows

Effect of environmental factors (wave exposure and depth) and anthropogenic pressure in the C sink capacity of Posidonia oceanica meadows

A comprehensive framework for comparing water use intensity across different tourist types

The local blue water footprint of tourism on the islands of Cres and Lošinj

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