Urban and rural divergence in mortality trends: A comment on Case and Deaton

Snyder, Stephen

doi:10.1073/pnas.1523659113

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is unsurprising as it fits the general pattern predicted by the epidemiological transition where mortality rates in urban areas fall below those in rural areas after public health and sanitation systems expand and pandemics recede (Dye 2008;Omran 1971). This sectoral gradient also suggests that patterns of mortality across urban and rural SSA are broadly consistent with other regions of the world where urban mortality has been shown to be lower (Buckley 1998;Snyder 2016). Yet it turns out that the empirical foundations of the well-established rural disadvantage in mortality for SSA are primarily built on evidence from infant or child survivorship, and more occasionally on maternal mortality differences (Akoto and Tambashe 2002;Bocquier, Madise, and Zulu 2011;Fink, Günther, and Hill 2014;Günther and Harttgen 2012;Harpham 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Urban–rural disparities in adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa

Oren¹,

Stecklov²

2018

DemRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Urban–rural disparities in adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa

Oren¹,

Stecklov²

2018

DemRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Rural Blacks ranked their health as fair or poor more often than rural Whites or Hispanics or urban Blacks, Whites, or Hispanics, and they also note that education, health insurance, and income above or below the federal poverty level contribute greatly to rural-urban mortality disparities ( Probst, Bellinger, Walsemann, Hardin, & Glover, 2011 ). Recent work by Case and Deaton (2015) indicates increasing mortality among those who are lower educated; however, Snyder (2016) replied to this research by noting that education varies by rural-urban location (e.g., Provasnik et al, 2007 ) and that many of the trends Case and Deaton (2015) studied need to be examined at smaller areas of geography. Other research found that basic measures of health care infrastructure vary in their effect on mortality across rural sub-regions (i.e., in some regions health care improves mortality and in others social and economic factors are stronger predictors of death) ( James, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The differential effects of rural health care access on race-specific mortality

Cossman

James

Wolf

2017

SSM - Population Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined the relationship between race-specific rural mortality and the health infrastructure of rural counties in light of America’s recent emergence of a rural mortality penalty. Using the Compressed Mortality File from National Center for Health Statistics (2008–2012) and county-level demographic, socioeconomic, and health care indicators from the Area Health Resource File and the US Census, we created a rural public health infrastructure index which encompasses four types of health care access (public health employees, critical access hospital/rural referral centers, rural health clinics, and emergency departments) within counties. We found that each unit increase in the index is associated with a decline in rural Black mortality, but is associated with an increase in rural White mortality. Policymakers could benefit from focusing on the declining rate of mortality improvement in many rural regions, specifically by trying to better understand how decisions concerning public health spending may influence mortality differently for Black and White residents.

show abstract

“…Recent documentation of a striking increase in the allcause mortality rates of middle-aged non-Hispanic Whites in the past two decades 1,2 has stimulated extensive discussion. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Cumulative disadvantages triggered by progressively worsening labour market opportunities at the time of entry among non-Hispanic White cohorts have been proposed to explain this mortality trend. 1,2 However, most existing research and media reports have limited their attention to non-Hispanic Whites and have not focused on racial/ethnic differences more broadly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in US mortality in early and middle adulthood: racial/ethnic disparities in inter-cohort patterns

Zang

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A striking increase in the all-cause mortality of US middle-aged non-Hispanic Whites in the past two decades has been documented by previous studies. The inter-cohort patterns in US mortality, as well as their racial/ethnic disparities, are still unclear. Methods Using official mortality data, we study US annual mortality rates for ages 25–54 from 1990 to 2016 by gender and race/ethnicity. We conduct an age-period-cohort analysis to disentangle the period and cohort forces driving the absolute changes in mortality across cohorts. Nine leading causes of death are also explored to explain the inter-cohort mortality patterns and their racial/ethnic disparities. Results We find cohort-specific elevated mortality trends for gender- and race/ethnicity-specific populations. For non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics, Baby Boomers have increased mortality trends compared with other cohorts. For non-Hispanic White females, it is late-Gen Xers and early-Gen Yers for whom the mortality trends are higher than other cohorts. For non-Hispanic White males, the elevated mortality pattern is found for Baby Boomers, late-Gen Xers, and early-Gen Yers. The mortality pattern among Baby Boomers is at least partially driven by mortality related to drug poisoning, suicide, external causes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and HIV/AIDS for all race and gender groups affected. The elevated mortality patterns among late-Gen Xers and early-Gen Yers are at least partially driven by mortality related to drug poisonings and alcohol-related diseases for non-Hispanic Whites. Differential patterns of drug poisoning-related mortality play an important role in the racial/ethnic disparities in these mortality patterns. Conclusions We find substantial racial/ethnic disparities in inter-cohort mortality patterns. Our findings also point to the unique challenges faced by younger generations.

show abstract

Urban and rural divergence in mortality trends: A comment on Case and Deaton

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Urban–rural disparities in adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa

Urban–rural disparities in adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa

The differential effects of rural health care access on race-specific mortality

Recent trends in US mortality in early and middle adulthood: racial/ethnic disparities in inter-cohort patterns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About