Urartian Plant Cultivation at Yoncatepe (Van), Eastern Turkey

Dönmez, Emel Oybak; Belli, Oktay

doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2007)61[290:upcayv]2.0.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Camelina sativa is an ancient crop, known as early as 4000 BCE in Auvervier, Switzerland [ 29 ] with evidence of widespread cultivation throughout northern Europe from Southern Scandinavia [ 6 , 30 ] to central Asia (eastern Turkey), from 700–900 BCE [ 31 ] to the Iron Age (100 CE–250 BCE) [ 24 ]. Archaeological sites revealed evidence that C. sativa was cultivated for food and oil production in Scandinavia, Romania, and eastern Turkey during the late Stone Age and middle Bronze Age (1800 BCE) [ 32 ], with widespread availability during the late Bronze age (1200 BCE) [ 30 ].…”

Section: Origin and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

Neupane

Lohaus

Solomon

et al. 2022

Plants

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Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. is an annual oilseed crop within the Brassicaceae family. C. sativa has been grown since as early as 4000 BCE. In recent years, C. sativa received increased attention as a climate-resilient oilseed, seed meal, and biofuel (biodiesel and renewable or green diesel) crop. This renewed interest is reflected in the rapid rise in the number of peer-reviewed publications (>2300) containing “camelina” from 1997 to 2021. An overview of the origins of this ancient crop and its genetic diversity and its yield potential under hot and dry growing conditions is provided. The major biotic barriers that limit C. sativa production are summarized, including weed control, insect pests, and fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Ecosystem services provided by C. sativa are also discussed. The profiles of seed oil and fatty acid composition and the many uses of seed meal and oil are discussed, including food, fodder, fuel, industrial, and medical benefits. Lastly, we outline strategies for improving this important and versatile crop to enhance its production globally in the face of a rapidly changing climate using molecular breeding, rhizosphere microbiota, genetic engineering, and genome editing approaches.

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Section: Origin and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

Neupane

Lohaus

Solomon

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Very close to these early sites, at the Urartian site of Teishebaini (Aka Karmir Blur) large quantities of C. sativa seeds were found dating to 700–600 BCE (Tumanyan, 1944). However, even before this, large numbers of C. sativa seeds were recovered in a pot in Syria at Hadidi around 2300–1200 BCE (van Zeist and Bakker‐Heeres, 1985) and from Turkey at Kuruçay Höyük around 4000 BCE (Stroud, 2016), Küllüoba around 3000–1200 BCE (Çizer, 2015), Kumtepe and Troy around 2100–1700 BCE (Riehl, 1999), and Yocantepe around 1000 BCE (Dönmez and Belli, 2007). Thus, it appears that the earliest stages of domestication had begun around or before the 6th millennium BCE, and that C. sativa had been domesticated in Southwest Asia by or before the 4th millennium BCE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and archaeological evidence on the geographical origin of domestication for Camelina sativa

Brock

Ritchey

Olsen

2022

American J of Botany

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Premise Camelina (gold‐of‐pleasure or false flax) is an ancient oilseed crop with emerging applications in the production of sustainable, low‐input biofuels. Previous domestication hypotheses suggested a European or western Asian origin, yet little genetic evidence has existed to assess the geographical origin for this crop, and archaeological data have not been systematically surveyed. Methods We utilized genotyping‐by‐sequencing of 185 accessions of C. sativa and its wild relatives to examine population structure within the crop species and its relationship to populations of its wild progenitor, C. microcarpa; cytotype variation was also assessed in both species. In a complementary analysis, we surveyed the archaeological literature to identify sites with archaeobotanical camelina remains and assess the timing and prevalence of usage across Europe and western Asia. Results The majority of C. microcarpa sampled in Europe and the United States belongs to a variant cytotype (2n = 38) with a distinct evolutionary origin from that of the crop lineage (2n = 40). Populations of C. microcarpa from Transcaucasia (South Caucasus) are most closely related to C. sativa based on cytotype and population structure; in combination with archaeological insights, these data refute prior hypotheses of a European domestication origin. Conclusions Our findings support a Caucasus, potentially Armenian, origin of C. sativa domestication. We cannot definitively determine whether C. sativa was intentionally targeted for domestication in its own right or instead arose secondarily through selection for agricultural traits in weedy C. sativa, as originally proposed by Vavilov for this species.

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“…Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is a protein and oilseed crop belonging to the family Brassicaceae [8]. Numerous archaeobotanical studies indicate that camelina has a long history of its cultivation in Europe and Asia Minor [10][11][12][13]. In many European countries camelina was grown as an agricultural crop until the mid-20th century [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) as Feedstuffs in Meat Type Poultry Diet: A Source of Protein and n-3 Fatty Acids

Juodka

Nainienė

Juškienė

et al. 2022

Animals

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Camelina seed or seed processing derivatives, i.e., cake, are cheap alternative protein feed ingredients for meat type poultry. Camelina is an oilseed crop containing 36.8% oil in seeds, while in the cake the oil content accounts for 6.4–22.7%. If compared with other Brassicaceae family plants, camelina is distinguished by a unique fatty acid composition, because the content of α-linolenic fatty acid (C18:3n-3; ALA) varies from 25.9 to 36.7% of total fatty acids. The total tocopherol content in camelina oil and cake are, respectively, 751–900 and 687 mg/kg. Addition of camelina to poultry nutrition increases the amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in poultry meat and liver. The content of ALA in chicken muscles increases by 1.3–4.4, 2.4–2.9 and 2.3–7.2 times after supplementing chicken diets with, respectively, camelina cake (8–24%), seed (10%), and oil (2.5–6.9%) in comparison with the control group. Camelina cake (5–25%), seed (10%) and oil (2.5–4%) inclusion in chicken diets results in 1.5–3.9 times higher total n-3 PUFA content in muscles and liver. Meanwhile, supplementation of chicken diets with camelina oil (4–6.9%), seed (5–10%) and cake (5–25%) results in, respectively, a 1.8–8.4, 1.6–1.9 and 1.3–2.9 times lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in muscles, and 3.29 times lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in the liver. After inclusion of different amounts of camelina cake in chicken diets, a healthy for human nutrition n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio from 1.6 to 2.9 was found in chicken muscles.

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Urartian Plant Cultivation at Yoncatepe (Van), Eastern Turkey

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

Molecular and archaeological evidence on the geographical origin of domestication for Camelina sativa

Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) as Feedstuffs in Meat Type Poultry Diet: A Source of Protein and n-3 Fatty Acids

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