Uranium Adsorbent Fibers Prepared by Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) from Poly(vinyl chloride)-<i>co</i>-chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-<i>co</i>-CPVC) Fiber

Brown, Suree; Yue, Ye; Kuo, Lih; Mehio, Nada; Li, Meijun; Gill, Gary A.; Tsouris, Costas; Mayes, Richard T.; Saito, Tomonori; Dai, Sheng

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03355

Cited by 133 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…NH 2 OH·HCl (12 g) was completely dissolved into DMF (100 mL), NaOH (6.9 g) was added to the solution and mixed with vigorous magnetic stirring for 2 h. After that, PAN powder (10 g) was added to the solution, the mixture was stirred for another 30 min at Adv. [18,[20][21][22][23][24]32] room temperature, then transferred to an oil bath, and kept at 80 °C for 12 h with continuous mechanical stirring. 2018, 8, 1802607 Figure 5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,[26][27][28][29][30] Radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP) and atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) strategies were commonly used to graft acrylonitrile monomer to some robust backbone polymer fibers, typically polyethylene (PE) fibers, to form polyacrylonitrile (PAN) grafted fabric, followed with the postamidoximation to convert nitrile groups to amidoxime groups. [3,23,32] However, all of the fiber adsorbents obtained from these two methods require to process a postamidoximation treatment. [3,23,32] However, all of the fiber adsorbents obtained from these two methods require to process a postamidoximation treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,32] Furthermore, up to 98.5% of the adsorbed uranium could be released from uranium-loaded PIDO NF adsorbents after elution, and the PIDO NFs could be regenerated and reused for more than eight cycles of uranium adsorption-elution. Third, and most importantly, after mild alkaline conditioning treatment, the PIDO NFs show excellent performance for uranium extraction even from a natural seawater environment with an adsorption capacity of 951 mg-U per g-Ads in 8 ppm uranium spiked seawater, and 8.7 mg-U per g-Ads after 56 d of exposure in nonspiked natural seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significantly Enhanced Uranium Extraction from Seawater with Mass Produced Fully Amidoximated Nanofiber Adsorbent

Wang

Song

Wen

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

248

166

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electricity on a large scale with ultralow greenhouse gases emission. [2] Uranium is the most critical ingredient for the production of nuclear power. In order for nuclear power to be a sustainable energy generation in the future, economically viable sources of uranium beyond terrestrial ores must be developed. [3] The oceans hold ≈4.5 billion tons of uranium, [4] making them a potential huge resource to support nuclear power production for hundreds of years. [5] All that is required is the ability to capture this element from seawater in cost-and energy-efficient ways. In the last decades, researchers worldwide have tried various methods to recover uranium from seawater and aqueous solution, such as coprecipitation, [6] ion-exchange, [7] adsorption via porous organic polymers, [8,9] and organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbents. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Among these technologies, the adsorption approach, particularly by using fiber-based adsorbents, is recognized as the most feasible process in terms of practicality, processability, cost, and environmental concerns. [3,17] In the 1990s, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) research teams had successfully captured over 1083 g of uranium directly from ocean by using nonwoven fabric adsorbent, firmly establishing the practicality of uranium recovery from the oceans in appreciable quantities. [3,18] Uranium extraction from seawater via fiber adsorption has recentlyThe oceans contain hundreds of times more uranium than terrestrial ores. Fiber-based adsorption is considered to be the most promising method to realize the industrialization of uranium extraction from seawater. In this work, a pre-amidoximation with a blow spinning strategy is developed for mass production of poly(imide dioxime) nanofiber (PIDO NF) adsorbents with many chelating sites, excellent hydrophilicity, 3D porous architecture, and good mechanical properties. The structural evidences from 13 C NMR spectra confirm that the main functional group responsible for the uranyl binding is not "amidoxime" but cyclic "imidedioxime." The uranium adsorption capacity of the PIDO NF adsorbent reaches 951 mg-U per g-Ads in uranium (8 ppm) spiked natural seawater. An average adsorption capacity of 8.7 mg-U per g-Ads is obtained after 56 d of exposure in natural seawater via a flowthrough column system. Moreover, up to 98.5% of the adsorbed uranium can be rapidly eluted out and the adsorbent can be regenerated and reused for over eight cycles of adsorption-desorption. This new blow spun PIDO nanofabric shows great potential as a new generation adsorbent for uranium extraction from seawater.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Significantly Enhanced Uranium Extraction from Seawater with Mass Produced Fully Amidoximated Nanofiber Adsorbent

Wang

Song

Wen

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

248

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[7b,9] Amidoxime‐based polymeric fibers are proven to be promising materials for uranium recovery because of their low commercial cost, ease of industrial preparation, high reusability, and high tolerance to the salinity of seawater . The materials that show the highest capability for uranium are polymeric fiber materials, which can achieve a uranium sequestration capacity of up to 5.22 mg‐U per g‐Ads after exposure to seawater for 49 days, thus make the cost of uranium recovery from seawater to approach gradually the cost of obtaining uranium form terrestrial uranium ore.[1b,11]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Porous Nanofiber Adsorbent by Blow‐Spinning with Ultrahigh Uranium Recovery Capacity from Seawater

Yuan

Zhao

Wen

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

206

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Highly efficient recovery of uranium from seawater is of great concern because of the growing demand for nuclear energy. The use of amidoximebased polymeric fiber adsorbents is considered to be a promising approach because of their relatively high specificity and affinity to uranyl. The surface area, hydrophility, and surface charge of the adsorbent are reported to be critical factors that influence uranium recovery efficiency. Here, a porous amidoxime-based nanofiber adsorbent (SMON-PAO) that exhibits the highest uranium recovery capacity among the existing fiber adsorbents both in 8 ppm uranium spiked seawater (1089.36 ± 64.31 mg-U per g-Ads) and in natural seawater (9.59 ± 0.64 mg-U per g-Ads) is prepared by blow spinning. These nanofibers are obtained by compositing polyacrylamidoxime with montmorillonite and exhibit the increased surface area and more exposed functional amidoxime moieties for uranyl adsorption. The residual montmorillonite enhances the hydrophility and reduces the negative surface charge, thereby increasing the contact of the adsorbent with seawater and reducing the charge repulsion between negative amidoxime group and negative uranyl species ([UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ] 4− ). The finding of this study indicates that rational design of uranium recovery adsorbents by comprehensive utilizing the key factors that influence uranium recovery performance is a promising approach for developing economically feasible uranium recovery materials.

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“…This multi‐element affinity indicates that a competition exists between seawater cations and binding sites of the amidoxime‐based adsorbents. Of particular interest is V adsorption, as this element exists at higher molar concentrations than U in seawater (U ∼ 14 nM; V ∼ 34 nM) and also V adsorbs at a higher degree than U on amidoxime‐based adsorbents in seawater ,,. To illustrate V vs. U adsorption at 20 °C, the V capacity of a saturated amidoxime‐based adsorbent was 5 times higher than the U saturation capacity .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence of Uranium and Vanadium Adsorption on Amidoxime‐Based Adsorbents in Natural Seawater

et al. 2018

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Recent advances in the development of amidoxime‐based adsorbents have made it highly promising for seawater uranium extraction. However, there is a great need to understand the influence of temperature on the uranium sequestration performance of the adsorbents in natural seawater. Here the apparent enthalpy and entropy of the sorption of uranium (VI) and vanadium (V) with amidoxime‐based adsorbents were determined in natural seawater tests at 8, 20, and 31 °C that cover a broad range of ambient seawater temperature. The sorption of U was highly endothermic, producing apparent enthalpies of 57 ± 6.0 and 59 ± 11 kJ mol−1 and apparent entropies of 314 ± 21 and 320 ± 36 J K−1 mol−1, respectively, for two adsorbent formulations. In contrast, the sorption of V showed a much smaller temperature sensitivity, producing apparent enthalpies of 6.1 ± 5.9 and −11 ± 5.7 kJ mol−1 and apparent entropies of 164 ± 20 and 103 ± 19 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. This new thermodynamic information suggests that amidoxime‐based adsorbents will deliver significantly increased U adsorption capacities and improved selectivity in warmer waters. A separate field study of seawater uranium adsorption conducted in a warm seawater site (Miami, FL, USA) confirm the observed strong temperature effect on seawater uranium mining. This strong temperature dependence demonstrates that the warmer the seawater where the amidoxime‐based adsorbents are deployed the greater the yield for seawater uranium extraction.

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Uranium Adsorbent Fibers Prepared by Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) from Poly(vinyl chloride)-co-chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-co-CPVC) Fiber

Cited by 133 publications

References 50 publications

Significantly Enhanced Uranium Extraction from Seawater with Mass Produced Fully Amidoximated Nanofiber Adsorbent

Significantly Enhanced Uranium Extraction from Seawater with Mass Produced Fully Amidoximated Nanofiber Adsorbent

Rational Design of Porous Nanofiber Adsorbent by Blow‐Spinning with Ultrahigh Uranium Recovery Capacity from Seawater

Temperature Dependence of Uranium and Vanadium Adsorption on Amidoxime‐Based Adsorbents in Natural Seawater

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