Uptake of a plasticizer (di-n-butyl phthalate) impacts the biochemical and physiological responses of barley

Abstract

Background DBP is one of the most commonly used plasticizers for imparting desirable properties to polymers. The introduction of phthalates is reported to have occurred in the late 1920s, and there has been a significant rise in their release into the environment in past decades due to a lack of covalent bonding with the parent matrix. Because of their numerous applications in day-to-day life, phthalates have become ubiquitous and also classified as endocrine disruptors. Hence, several studies have been conducted to investigate the phthalate-mediated toxicities in animals; however, plants have not been explored to the same amount. Methods Therefore, in the present study, the accumulation and translocation along with morpho-physiological perturbations in barley plants after 15, 30, 60, and 120 days of exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) are investigated using standard protocols. Results The maximal accumulation and translocation of DBP in the roots and shoots of barley plants was observed after 60 days of exposure. The exposure of DBP from 15 to 120 days was recorded to decline all the morphological indices (i.e., dry weight, net primary productivity, seed number per spike, and seed weight) of barley plants. The pigments content declined under DBP treatment for all exposure durations except 120 days exposure. Carbohydrate content increased after 15–30 days of exposure afterward it was observed to be decreased under 60 and 120 days of exposure. The protein content was declined in DBP stressed plants for 15–120 days. Proline content was increased in all exposure durations and maximal percent increase was recorded in 120 days of exposure. MDA content showed an increase at earlier exposure durations then followed by a decline in long-term exposure. Hydrogen peroxide content increased at all exposure durations. There were significant alterations observed in the activities of all antioxidative enzymes in comparison to the control. Furthermore, DBP stressed plants after 60 days were analyzed for the macromolecular variations using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Conclusion Thus, the outcomes of the current work provide an appraisal of phthalates’ uptake and translocation mediated phytotoxic responses in barley plants. These observations can help in developing genetically modified edible plants that are resistant to phthalates uptake, thereby ensuring food security.

The Influence of NBR Waste Modified with SiO2/Not Modified on Processability, Physical-Mechanical and Structural Properties of PVC

“…The band at 614.27 cm -1 is associated with the (Hashmi et al, 2022). The bands coming from dibutyl phthalate can be identified at 1724 cm -1 (the stretching vibration of the C=O ester group), at 1600 and 1580 cm -1 (stretching vibration of the aromatic ring structure) and those of 1122 and 1073 cm -1 are attributed to C-O stretching vibration (Kumari and Kaur, 2022). The bands at 874 and 712 cm -1 correspond to asymmetrical and symmetrical CO3 2bonds from CaCO3.…”

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems

“…The band at 614.27 cm -1 is associated with the C-Cl bond (Hashmi et al, 2022). The bands coming from dibutyl phthalate can be identified at 1724 cm -1 (the stretching vibration of the C=O ester group), at 1600 and 1580 cm -1 (stretching vibration of the aromatic ring structure) and those of 1122 and 1073 cm -1 are attributed to C-O stretching vibration (Kumari and Kaur, 2022). The bands at 874 and 712 cm -1 correspond to asymmetrical and symmetrical CO3 2bonds from CaCO3.…”

Facilitating Investigations of Sustainable Ester Oils: Lubricating Performance, Phytotoxicity Indicators, and Their Structure–Activity Relationship

“…Many researchers chose wheat as the experimental model organism for toxicological studies of heavy metals and organic pollutants. , Gao et al proved that two ester oils with different structures inhibited the biomass accumulation of wheat seedlings, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious the inhibition . Yang et al detected the ecotoxicological effects and potential mechanisms of environmental-related concentrations for ester oil on wheat seedlings at the individual, biochemical (reactive oxygen species (ROS)/photosynthetic pigment/antioxidant enzyme activity), and molecular levels .…”